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A number of strains of Oidiodendron truncatum was shown to produce a new antibiotic, PR-1350, which was isolated in the form of an amorphous powder either directly or via a crystalline monomethanolate, PR-1381, which in solution is reconverted to the parent compound. The antibiotic inhibits a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in vitro, and has been shown to be active against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia in mice. Biosynthetic considerations based on the results of [1-13C]acetate incorporation indicate that the antibiotic is a diterpene of the clerodane type.

The ability to generate r decarboxylase activity has been detected among bacteria but not among members of any other group of microorganisms. Among bacteria found to produce an :t-acetolactate decarboxylase several, such as strains of Bacillus and Lactobacillus, are potential sources of decarboxylases which may be applied in brewing.

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