On the oxygen evolution reaction at IrO 2 -SnO 2 mixed-oxide electrodes

Ferro, Sergio; Rosestolato, Davide; Martínez‐Huitle, Carlos A.; Battisti, Achille De

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.08.110

Cited by 56 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…S-OH  SO + H + + e - (5) 2SO  2S + O 2 (6) where S stands for electrode active sites; OH and O represent adsorbed intermediates. If the step (4) is the rate determining step, current density associated with reaction (4) can be given as:…”

Section: S + H 2 O  S-oh + H + + E -(4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has been extensively studied in electrochemistry because of its importance in many fields such as fuel cells, wastewater treatment, chlorine evolution, corrosion, water electrolysis [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. OER reaction kinetics and mechanism aspects drew a great attention and still continue to be investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of various metallic oxides on the kinetic of the oxygen evolution reaction on platinum electrodes

Ollo¹,

Guillaume

Auguste

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Sci. Eng.

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Pt, 50 RuO 2 and 50 IrO 2 electrodes were prepared on titanium (Ti) substrate by thermal decomposition techniques. The micrographs of 50 Pt-50 RuO 2 and 50 Pt-50 IrO 2 have revealed that their surfaces are rough with cracked structures in contrast to platinum which exhibits smooth, compact and homogeneous surface. The richer the electrode surface in platinum, thinner is the crack size and also more compact is the electrode surface. The electrodes have also been characterized electrochemically by cyclic voltammetry in acidic (HClO 4 ) and alkaline (KOH) electrolytes. These characterizations showed that the surface electrodes let them possess higher electrocatalytic activity towards OER than Pt in the two media. Though the kinetic of the oxygen evolution reaction is practically the same in acidic and alkaline media for all the electrodes, OER occurred at lower overpotential in alkaline electrolyte than in acidic electrolyte on the prepared electrodes.

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Section: S + H 2 O  S-oh + H + + E -(4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of various metallic oxides on the kinetic of the oxygen evolution reaction on platinum electrodes

Ollo¹,

Guillaume

Auguste

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Sci. Eng.

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“…In these systems, dissolution of the less stable component usually occurs together with an increased dissolution of Ir, resulting in the overall catalyst instability [10,14]. On the other hand, mixing of Ir oxide with significantly less active but more stable materials, e.g., Ti [17] or Sn [18] typically results in catalysts showing very high stability against dissolution. In this case, however, deterioration of electrocatalytic performance with time is to be expected, taking into account the semiconducting nature of stoichiometric TiO 2 and SnO 2 [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Instability of a Non-stoichiometric Mixed Oxide Oxygen Evolution Catalyst As a Tool to Improve Its Electrocatalytic Performance

et al. 2017

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Owing to their superior electrocatalytic performance, non-stoichiometric mixed oxides are often considered as promising electrocatalysts for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Their activity and stability can be superior to those of the state-of-the-art IrO 2 catalysts, although the exact nature of this phenomenon is not yet understood. In the current work, a Ir 0.7 Sn 0.3 O 2-x thin-film electrode is taken as a representative example for a thorough evaluation of OER activity of the non-stoichiometric oxides. Complementary activity and stability analysis of Ir 0.7 Sn 0.3 O 2-x electrodes is achieved using a setup based on an electrochemical scanning flow cell and ICP-MS. The obtained ICP-MS data presents an unambiguous proof of the preferential dissolution of the less noble Sn from the mixed oxide during OER. While less than a monolayer of Ir is dissolved after a prolonged electrolysis of 1400 min during which its dissolution rate drops to near zero, the amount of Sn lost is ten monolayers. The latter finding is confirmed by XPS analysis, which besides showing Ir surface enrichment also indicates a gradual transformation of Ir 0 to Ir III species. This transition is beneficial for electrode activity, as the overpotential for OER at j = 5 mA cm −2 was decreasing up to 300 mV. The increase in electrode activity is attributed to several mechanisms including generation of Ir III active sites and overall surface area increase. A generalized description of OER catalysis by Ir-based materials is given, including data from the current work as well as from other Ir-based mixed oxides, such as Ir-Ru-O and Ir-Ni-O.

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“…To increase the energy efficiency, it has to decrease the overpotential on each electrode. 30,31 In this paper, we utilized an Ir x Sn y Ru z O 2 /Ti anode to oxidize water. Whipple et al designed a microuidic reactor with a continuous owing electrolyte for electrochemical reduction of CO 2 , it can achieve a faradaic efficiency of $90% and an energy efficiency of 45% for formate production on Sn based gas diffusion electrode by using 0.5 mol L À1 KCl aqueous solution (pH ¼ 4) as the electrolyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formate with a Sn cathode and an Ir_xSn_yRu_zO₂/Ti anode

Zhang

et al. 2015

RSC Adv.

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The electrochemical reduction of CO 2 to formate has been studied extensively, and most studies have focused on the faradaic efficiency for producing formate. However, the energy efficiency is also critical for the possible industrialization of the process, as it specifies the energy recovered in the product. Here, we report that the energy efficiency is 35.6% when a Pt electrode is used as the anode, and it can increase to 42.1% when an Ir x Sn y Ru z O 2 /Ti electrode with lower overpotential for oxygen evolution reaction is used as the anode, in spite of their faradaic efficiencies for producing formate are very close (85.1% and 84.8%). When the Ir x Sn y Ru z O 2 /Ti electrode coated with Nafion membrane is used as the anode, the faradaic efficiency can maintain at 79.6% through a long time electrolysis of CO 2 for 500 C.

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On the oxygen evolution reaction at IrO 2 -SnO 2 mixed-oxide electrodes

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

Influence of various metallic oxides on the kinetic of the oxygen evolution reaction on platinum electrodes

Influence of various metallic oxides on the kinetic of the oxygen evolution reaction on platinum electrodes

Using Instability of a Non-stoichiometric Mixed Oxide Oxygen Evolution Catalyst As a Tool to Improve Its Electrocatalytic Performance

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formate with a Sn cathode and an Ir_xSn_yRu_zO₂/Ti anode

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On the oxygen evolution reaction at IrO 2 -SnO 2 mixed-oxide electrodes

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

Influence of various metallic oxides on the kinetic of the oxygen evolution reaction on platinum electrodes

Influence of various metallic oxides on the kinetic of the oxygen evolution reaction on platinum electrodes

Using Instability of a Non-stoichiometric Mixed Oxide Oxygen Evolution Catalyst As a Tool to Improve Its Electrocatalytic Performance

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formate with a Sn cathode and an IrxSnyRuzO2/Ti anode

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Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formate with a Sn cathode and an Ir_xSn_yRu_zO₂/Ti anode