On the periphery of the parts of speech system

Abstract

The article is devoted to the consideration of the periphery of the parts of speech system. The theory of parts of speech, constituting the core of the theory of grammatical structure and serving as the basis for describing the linguistic system as a whole, is an area of controversial debates in the context of various linguistic paradigms. The internal contradictions inherent in the language system do not allow developing integrated, logically consistent criteria for the classification of lexis, covering all categories of words. The functional-semantic and formal heterogeneity of lexical categories does not make it possible to include them into "the Procrustean bed," a scheme recommended by various linguistic schools. The most contradictory classifications are the ones of the so-called synsemantic, functional words which are characterized by a high degree of categorical interpenetration. The determination of the categorical status of this kind of words is possible only on the basis of semantic and pragmatic features of discourse, as well as when taking into account presupposition factors.

Reflexives in the lexical and grammatical system of language and artistic discourse: linguocultural contrastive aspect

“…In the linguistic literature, there is a tendency to distinguish between two phenomena: reflexive pronouns and reflexive verbs (Schendels, 1988;Glinz. 1994;Alexander, 1995;Vater, 1995;Apresyan, 2004;Vasilyeva & Pitskova, 2016;Boeva-Оmelechko et al, 2018;Gazizov et al, 2020;Muryasov, 2019;Muryasov, 2021 etc.). In Webster's dictionary, reflexive is defined as follows: "1.…”

“…The system of parts of speech is characterized by a field structure, in which the core and the periphery are undoubtedly distinguished. Pronouns by their grammatical (morphological and syntactic) characteristics and lexico-semantic features form an intermediate zone between autosemantic and synsemantic parts of speech, or they can be attributed to the periphery of autosemantic parts of speech (Muryasov, 2019;Muryasov, 2021). The lexical and grammatical categories of this part of speech are contradictory and unstable, presented not only in different languages, but also in grammatical studies of different authors within the same language.…”

Personal/impersonal and subject/null subject phenomena in the multi-structural languages

“…On the other hand, the internal classification is no less contradictory, i.e., the number and nomenclature of lexical-grammatical categories of pronouns not only in different (even closely related) languages but also by different authors within the same language. See the literature review on this issue (Muryasov, 2019;2021). The aim of this study is to analyze personal/impersonal and subject/null subject phenomena in multi-structural languages.…”

Negative pronouns in the language system

“…Nicht das war es, was er wollte [42]; фр. Il ne voulait rien voir de tout cela [43]. В тюркских языках отрицательные местоимения образуют относительно многчисленный класс слов.…”

“…«хватит!, довольно!».Анализ отрицательных местоимений демонстрирует, что в данном разряде слов как и в других разрядах местоимений (см. об этом[43,44]), заложены лингвистические противоречия, которые относятся, прежде всего, к их частеречному статусу и словоизменительной парадигматике. В рамках отрицательных местоимений в морфологическом отношении четко противопоставляются группы единиц с субстантивной парадигматикой и группа с парадигматической характеристикой прилагательных, что обусловливает избыточность поликатегориальных терминов при их описании.Литература…”