On the physical layer security of hybrid RF-FSO system in presence of multiple eavesdroppers and receiver diversity

Pattanayak, Dipti R.; Dwivedi, Vivek K.; Karwal, Vikram

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2020.126334

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The positive impact of MRC diversity on the parallel system's secrecy performance can be observed in this figure, where the ASC improves as 𝐿 𝑚 increases while 𝑚 𝑗 and 𝑠 𝑗 remain constant (𝑚 𝑗 = 3, 𝑠 𝑗 = 50). The Monte-Carlo simulation results successfully support our analytical results, which are given by (30), in section 3. Furthermore, the following conclusion might be reached: (i) lower 𝑚 𝑚 results in a lower ASC; (ii) ASC can be improved by ensuring high 𝑠 𝑚 ; (iii) The ASC performance curves converge very rapidly to one other under all channel conditions for low SNR values, i.e., > 5 dB, as illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Scenario 2: Eavesdropping On Mm-wave Link Onlysupporting

confidence: 78%

Secrecy Performance Analysis of Parallel FSO/mm-wave System Over Unified Fisher-Snedecor Channels

Shakir

Alouini

2022

IEEE Photonics J.

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This paper presents a secrecy performance analysis of a parallel free-space optical/millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication system with a selection-combining receiver over a unified Fisher-Snedecor 𝓕-distribution channel. The 𝓕distribution model, with the proper parameters, may be used to describe both the mm-wave and optical channels. The security performance is specifically evaluated by deriving closed-form expressions for the average secrecy capacity, secrecy outage probability, and strictly positive secrecy capacity. We examine the three following distinct security scenarios: 1) An FSO-link eavesdropping attack, 2) mm-wave-link eavesdropping attacks, and 3) eavesdropping attacks on FSO and mm-wave links at the same time. Furthermore, to better understand the influence of various system and channel parameters, asymptotic analysis is performed at high signal-to-noise ratio values. Our developed analytical expressions provide an efficient tool for examining the influence of various system and channel parameters on the secrecy performance, including the atmospheric turbulence severity, pointing errors of the FSO link, fading severity, the shadowing parameters, as well as the number of diversity branches of the mm-wave links. Monte-Carlo simulations are used to verify the correctness of the numerical findings.

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Section: Scenario 2: Eavesdropping On Mm-wave Link Onlysupporting

confidence: 78%

Secrecy Performance Analysis of Parallel FSO/mm-wave System Over Unified Fisher-Snedecor Channels

Shakir

Alouini

2022

IEEE Photonics J.

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“…Relaying techniques are typically used to increase network coverage, spectrum efficiency, and power efficiency. In addition to these, the system needs high-capacity, reliable communication between users [31], which is why researchers here thoroughly examined the hybrid RF/FSO structure [31] - [39]. Environmental factors do not have the same impact on RF and FSO links.…”

Section: A Motivation and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In light of the aforementioned reasons, we investigate the parallel FSO/RF configuration's secrecy performance. We recently looked into a secrecy issue for two distinct scenarios, such as 1) mixed RF-hybrid RF/FSO, and 2) hybrid RF-RF/RF-FSO, in [39]. From the results, it is observed that the considered scenarios [39] provide better secrecy performance as compared to the system without hybrid structure.…”

Section: A Motivation and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Layer Security Analysis of Multi-Hop Hybrid RF/FSO System in Presence of Multiple Eavesdroppers

Pattanayak¹,

Dwivedi

Karwal

et al. 2022

IEEE Photonics J.

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In this paper, the physical layer security (PLS) analysis for a decode-and-forward (DF) protocol based multihop hybrid radio frequency (RF)/ free space optics (FSO) is presented. Herein, two different scenarios are considered for detecting the secured information at the destination. In the first scenario, at each hop, the received signals with higher secrecy capacity are selected. However, in the second scenario, the RF and FSO signals are simply decoded and forwarded to the next hop and selection is done at the last hop only. Each node in the system is connected to its subsequent node through independent RF and FSO links which are connected in parallel. The FSO links and RF links are characterized by Málaga (M) and Nakagami-m composite distributions respectively. For both scenarios, the secrecy outage probability (SOP), strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), intercept probability (IP), and effective secrecy throughput (EST) are obtained as performance metrics. These aforementioned performance metrics are obtained in terms of Meijer's G function by considering pointing error, different optical signal detection methods, turbulence effect, and the RF link fading parameter (m). Using the results, the security and reliability trade-off analysis is discussed for two scenarios. In addition, the asymptotic results are also obtained to study the system in depth. Further, the secrecy diversity order (SDO) and secrecy coding gain (SCG) are obtained to analyse the system in depth. Finally, Monte-Carlo Simulation is performed to verify the obtained results. The results manifest that the scenario with selection at each hop provides better secrecy performance than the scenario with selection at the last hop.

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“…In [43], the authors observed that RF hop has a little impact on SOP and average secrecy capacity (ASC) performances relative to FSO hop. The position of eavesdropper was considered close to the destination in [44], [45] where the authors presented the expressions of SOP and strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC) with DF relaying system. A passive RF eavesdropping scheme was used in mixed RF-FSO systems over ΓΓ [46], [47], Málaga [48]- [50], exponentiate-Weibull [42], [51], etc., scenarios to obtain ASC, SOP, and SPSC.…”

Section: B Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Intercept Probability and Secure Outage Analysis of Mixed (α – κ – μ)-Shadowed and Málaga Turbulent Models

Sarker

Badrudduza²,

Islam

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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This work deals with the secrecy performance analysis of a dual-hop RF-FSO DF relaying network composed of a source, a relay, a destination, and an eavesdropper. We assume the eavesdropper is located close to the destination and overhears the relay's transmitted optical signal. The RF and FSO links undergo (α − κ − µ)-shadowed fading and unified Málaga turbulence with pointing error. The secrecy performance of the mixed system is studied by deriving closed-form analytical expressions of secure outage probability (SOP), strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), and intercept probability (IP). Besides, we also derive the asymptotic SOP, SPSC, and IP upon utilizing the unfolding of Meijer's G function where the electrical SNR of the FSO link tends to infinity. Finally, the Monte-Carlo simulation is performed to corroborate the analytical expressions. Our results illustrate that fading, shadowing, detection techniques (i.e. heterodyne detection (HD) and intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD)), atmospheric turbulence, and pointing error significantly affect the secrecy performance. In addition, better performance is obtained exploiting the HD technique at the destination relative to IM/DD technique.INDEX TERMS Intercept probability, Málaga turbulence, physical layer security, secure outage probability.

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On the physical layer security of hybrid RF-FSO system in presence of multiple eavesdroppers and receiver diversity

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Secrecy Performance Analysis of Parallel FSO/mm-wave System Over Unified Fisher-Snedecor Channels

Secrecy Performance Analysis of Parallel FSO/mm-wave System Over Unified Fisher-Snedecor Channels

Physical Layer Security Analysis of Multi-Hop Hybrid RF/FSO System in Presence of Multiple Eavesdroppers

On the Intercept Probability and Secure Outage Analysis of Mixed (α – κ – μ)-Shadowed and Málaga Turbulent Models

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