On the Potential of Oxygenated Fuels as an Additional Degree of Freedom in the Mixture Formation in Direct Injection Diesel Engines

Graziano, Barbara; Kremer, Florian; Pischinger, Stefan; Heufer, Karl Alexander; Rohs, Hans

doi:10.4271/2015-01-0890

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Thermal oxides of nitrogen, which constitute the largest part of all NO Х types, are formed at high temperatures (Т>1500 К) and on condition that there is high concentration of oxygen available during oxidation of air nitrogen in the process of combustion. Thermal oxides are developed in combustion of both gaseous fuel (natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas) and fuel that does not contain substances with included nitrogen [8]. It is believed that increasing the maximum temperature within the combustion zone in excess of 1850 К results in inadmissibly high emissions of NO х [9].…”

Section: Literature Review / Pregled Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaust Gas Recirculation as a Major Technique Designed to Reduce NOх Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines

Kuropyatnyk¹,

Sagin²

2019

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The study objective is to identify to what extent the recirculation of exhaust gas from a low-speed marine diesel engine affects environmental, economic and power-related parameters in engine operation. Concentration of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases was assumed to be the environmental parameter of an engine, specific fuel consumption as its economic parameter while effective (brake) power as its power-related parameter. Content of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases discharged by low-speed marine diesel engines shall remain within the range of 3.4…14.4 g/(kW•h) depending on the area of marine vessel operation as specified by requirements of Annex VI MARPOL. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) was reviewed as a way to provide for such values. It was proven experimentally that recirculation of exhaust gas in the range of 4.7…18.8 % provides for reduction in concentration of nitrogen oxide (NO х) in the exhaust gases respectively down to 13.3…3.3 g NO x /(kW•h) depending on the rotation speed and load of diesel engine. Drop of NO х concentration in exhaust gases (as compared to NO х concentration without any circulation system used) was shown to reach 37.9…53.5%. It is proposed to apply the EGR system as a major technique to reduce NO х-emissions and bring the aforesaid parameter in compliance with requirements of international agencies. Sažetak Cilj studije je identificirati: "Do koje mjere ponovno strujanje ispušnoga plina iz sporohodnog dizelskog stroja, utječe na okolišne, ekonomske i energetske parametre pri radu stroja?" Koncentracija nitrogen oksida pri ispušnim plinovima, smatra se energetskim parametrom stroja, a specifična potrošnja goriva, kao ekonomski parametar, dok je učinkovita (konjska) snaga energetski parametar. Sadržaj nitrogen oksida pri ispušnim plinovima koje ispušta sporohodni brodski dizelski stroj, ostat će unutar dometa od 3.4…14.4g/(kW•h) ovisno o području djelovanja broda na moru, kako je specificirano zahtjevima Annexa MARPOL Konvencije Ponovno strujanje plina (EGR) odabrano je za dokazivanje tih vrijednosti. Eksperimentalno je dokazano da ponovno strujanje ispušnoga plina u dometu od 4.7…18.8% osigurava smanjenje koncentracije nitrogen oksida (NO x) pri ispušnim plinovima, prema redosljedu navođenja sve do 13.3…3.3 g NO x /kW•h ovisno o rotacionoj brzini i opterećenju dizelskoga stroja. Pad koncentracije pri ispušnim plinovima (u usporedbi s NO x) koncentracijom bez ikakva sustava cirkulacije dostigao je 37.9…53.5%. Predlaže se da se primijeni EGR sustav kao glavna tehnika smanjenja NO x emisija i da se dovede spomenuti parametar u skladu sa zahtjevima međunarodnih agencija. KEY WORDS low-speed marine diesel engine environmental indicators of diesel engine operation concentration of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system brake power specific fuel oil consumption KLJUČNE RIJEČI sporohodni dizelski motor okolišni pokazatelji djelovanja dizelskoga stroja koncentracija nitrogen oksida pri ispušnim plinovima sustav ponovnoga strujanja plina konjska snaga specifič...

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Section: Literature Review / Pregled Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaust Gas Recirculation as a Major Technique Designed to Reduce NOх Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines

Kuropyatnyk¹,

Sagin²

2019

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“…The nitrogen oxide NO X is one of the most toxic components of exhaust gas [7,8]. During normal atmospheric conditions the nitrogen is represented in the inert gas.…”

Section: Introduction / Uvodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplying of Marine Diesel Engine Ecological Parameters

Sagin¹,

Kuropyatnyk²,

Zablotskyi³

et al. 2022

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The by-pass system of exhaust gas for the engine 6L20 Wartsila has been observed. The requirements of Annex VI MARPOL towards nitrogen oxide concentration in ship engine exhaust gases have been provided. The purpose of research was the determination of diesel 6L20 Wartsila by-pass exhaust gases optimum volume – at this the nitrogen oxide minimal concentration in exhaust gases is assured, the minimal increase (comparing with operation mode without by-pass) – specific effective fuel consumption, supporting of necessary thermal factor diapason of engine cylinders. The research was performed for the exhaust gas by-pass diapason 0…10 % with engine load diapason 0.55…0.85 % from nominal power. Upon experimental results it has been stated that the exhaust gas by-pass usage favors the ecological parameters of ships engine operation modes – by this at the range of exploitation load 0.55…0.85 % from nominal power the nitrogen oxide concentration in exhaust gas is decreased to 1.32….12.97 %. The exhaust gas by-pass impairs the combustion process and favors the increasing of specific effective fuel consumption and increasing the temperature of exhaust gases. The exhaust gas by-pass system effectiveness assessment should be performed by complex estimation of the following engine operation parameters: the nitrogen oxide concentration in exhaust gas, increasing of specific effective fuel consumption(SFOC), the exhaust gas temperature. As optimal degree of exhaust gas by-pass value when the maximum decrease of nitrogen oxide emission at minimal increase of fuel consumption and simultaneous engine thermal factor handling has to be considered.

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“…Various different molecules represent possible fuel candidates [2,4,5] . Using the gained degrees of freedom in the synthesis of fuels, tailor‐made properties are possible, for example, by introducing oxygen into the fuel matrix to inhibit soot emissions [6] . One potential carbon‐neutral pathway to a diesel‐type drop‐in fuel is the Fischer‐Tropsch (FT) reaction with bio‐derived syngas, for example, from the gasification of biomass (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Process Design for Reductive Hydroformylation of Renewable Olefin Cuts for Drop‐In Diesel Fuels

et al. 2021

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CO2‐neutral fuels are a way to cleaner and more sustainable mobility. Utilization of bio‐syngas via Fischer‐Tropsch (FT) synthesis represents an interesting route for the production of tailormade biofuels. Recent developments in FT catalyst research led to olefin‐enriched products, enabling the synthesis of alcohol‐enriched fuels by reductive hydroformylation of the C=C bond. Several alcohols have already proven to be suitable fuel additives with favorable combustion behavior. Here, a hydroformylation‐hydrogenation sequence of FT‐olefin‐paraffin mixtures was investigated as a potential route to alcohols. A liquid‐liquid biphasic system with a rhodium/3,3’,3’’‐phosphanetriyltris(benzenesulfonic acid) trisodium salt (TPPTS) catalyst system was chosen for effective catalyst recycling. After optimizing reaction conditions with a model substrate consisting of 1‐octene and n‐heptane the conversion of an actual olefin‐containing C5‐C10 FT product fraction to alcohols in continuously operated processes for 37 h was achieved with a total turnover number of 23679.

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On the Potential of Oxygenated Fuels as an Additional Degree of Freedom in the Mixture Formation in Direct Injection Diesel Engines

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Exhaust Gas Recirculation as a Major Technique Designed to Reduce NOх Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines

Exhaust Gas Recirculation as a Major Technique Designed to Reduce NOх Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines

Supplying of Marine Diesel Engine Ecological Parameters

Green Process Design for Reductive Hydroformylation of Renewable Olefin Cuts for Drop‐In Diesel Fuels

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