On the principle of host evolution in host–pathogen interactions

Martcheva, Maia; Tuncer, Necibe; Kim, Yena

doi:10.1080/17513758.2016.1161089

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In this situation, high virulence reduces the host’s fitness as well as its lifespan, which threaten the survival of the parasite and can drive the extinction of the whole parasite population. The reduction in virulence in favour of better transmissibility can be observed in many parasite species [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hatchability of Fascioloides magna Eggs in Cervids

et al. 2023

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The giant liver fluke (Fascioloides magna) is an invasive parasite found permanently in three foci in Europe. The fluke has an indirect life cycle involving a final and an intermediate host. The currently accepted terminology determines three types of final hosts: definitive, dead-end, and aberrant hosts. Recently, roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) has been classified as an aberrant host, which cannot contribute to the reproduction of F. magna. This study investigated the hatchability of F. magna eggs of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer origin to compare the suitability of the two host species for the maintenance of the parasite. The study was carried out on a newly invaded area, two years after the first reported observation of F. magna. The prevalence of the parasite proved to be 68.4% (CI95% 44.6–85.3%) in red deer and 36.7% (CI95% 24.8–50.0%) in roe deer. The difference between the two species was confirmed to be significant (p = 0.02). The mean intensity proved to be 10.0 (CI95% 4.9–22.6) and 7.59 (CI95% 2.7–24.2) in the red deer and the roe deer, respectively. The difference of the mean intensities did not prove to be significant (p = 0.72). Of the 70 observed pseudocysts, 67 originated from red deer and 3 from roe deer. Most of the pseudocysts contained two flukes, while a few pseudocysts contained one or three parasites. Egg production was observed in all three types of pseudocysts. We did not find more than three flukes in any pseudocyst. The apparent proportion of self-fertilisation in flukes without mating partners was 23.5% and 100% in red deer and roe deer, respectively. The survival of single-parent eggs was not confirmed to be worse than that of gregarious parents. The viability of offspring originating from roe and red deer differed significantly. Our findings suggest that F. magna adapted to the new populations of susceptible hosts rather than vice versa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hatchability of Fascioloides magna Eggs in Cervids

et al. 2023

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“…Therefore, we define MHSP-CMSM as multiscale models in which at least two of the multiscale models that are used as submodels integrate the within-host scale and the between-host scale scale for at least two of the hosts that are implicated in the transmission of the infectious disease system. This modelling approach was proposed in [78] in the context of a two-host single-pathogen infectious disease. The model involves two coupled UNID-HMSM which use the time-since-infection approach resulting in ODE/PDE hybrid HL-IEMs where the ODE within-host submodel and the integro-partial differential equation between-host submodel are unidirectionally coupled.…”

Section: Class 2: Multi-host Single-pathogen Coupled Multiscale Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A complete categorization of multiscale models of infectious disease systems

Garira

2017

Journal of Biological Dynamics

112

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Modelling of infectious disease systems has entered a new era in which disease modellers are increasingly turning to multiscale modelling to extend traditional modelling frameworks into new application areas and to achieve higher levels of detail and accuracy in characterizing infectious disease systems. In this paper we present a categorization framework for categorizing multiscale models of infectious disease systems. The categorization framework consists of five integration frameworks and five criteria. We use the categorization framework to give a complete categorization of host-level immuno-epidemiological models (HL-IEMs). This categorization framework is also shown to be applicable in categorizing other types of multiscale models of infectious diseases beyond HL-IEMs through modifying the initial categorization framework presented in this study. Categorization of multiscale models of infectious disease systems in this way is useful in bringing some order to the discussion on the structure of these multiscale models.

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“…There are a multiplicity of papers of a theoretical nature that have explored this interaction e.g., [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. The vast majority of these works focus their analysis on directly transmitted diseases based on Kermack-McKendrick type models although there are some studies addressing vector-borne diseases [8, 9]. At the immune system level, the most widely used model, for theoretical purposes, is the one developed for HIV by, for example, [10] that differentiates between target cells, infected target cells, and virions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple within-host, between-host model for a vector-transmitted disease

Núñez-López

Echeverría²,

Hernández³

2022

Preprint

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We present a model that explicitly links the epidemiological Ross-Macdonald model with a simple immunological model through a virus inoculation term that depends on the abundance of infected mosquitoes. We explore the relationship between the reproductive numbers at the population (between-host) and individual level (within-host), in particular the role that viral load and viral clearance rate play in the coupled dynamics. Our model shows that under certain conditions on the strength of the coupling and the immunological response of the host, there can be sustained low viral load infections, with a within-host reproduction number below one that still can trigger epidemic outbreaks provided the between host reproduction number is greater than one. We also describe a particular kind of transmission-clearance trade off for vector-host systems with a simple structure.

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On the principle of host evolution in host–pathogen interactions

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Hatchability of Fascioloides magna Eggs in Cervids

Hatchability of Fascioloides magna Eggs in Cervids

A complete categorization of multiscale models of infectious disease systems

A simple within-host, between-host model for a vector-transmitted disease

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