On the proper domain of psychological predicates

Abstract

One question of the bounds of cognition is that of which things have it. A scientifically relevant debate on this question must explain the persistent and selective use of psychological predicates to report findings throughout biology: for example, that neurons prefer, plants and fruit flies decide, and bacteria communicate linguistically. This paper argues that these claims should enjoy default literal interpretation, and that these reports of psychological properties in non-humans are as straightforward as they seem. An epistemic consequence is that these findings can contribute directly to understanding the nature of psychological capacities.

Mind Map Construction for English Grammar Teaching Based on Knowledge Map

“…After cleaning and aligning the data, its content and format have met the requirements of subject knowledge map construction, and the next step is to import the data into the underlying database. Neo4j is a highperformance nonrelational graph database that stores data on a very large network, which is very suitable for storing knowledge maps based on graph structures [21]. In this paper, we import various types of data into Neo4j in the form of nodes and edges by using the operations provided by the Py2Neo third-party library supported by Python and can perform corresponding operations such as adding, deleting, and checking.…”

Externalized memory in slime mould and the extended (non-neuronal) mind

“…In such a case, the ant's production and use of its own pheromone trails to return to the source is a case of MM at the level of the individual. 23 See Figdor (2017Figdor ( , 2018 for independent philosophical reasons for taking such biologists at their word in using psychological predicates. It should be noted however that in the original (2012) paper Reid et al place quotation marks around the word memory in the paper's title.…”

“…Nor does the fact that vision in humans may have been investigated prior to vision in microalgae present itself a challenge to the status of the latter as a form of vision. It is just not the case that the historical order in which a phenomenon has been investigated with respect to a particular model system determines the scope of systems that such a phenomenon can be fruitfully applied to (Figdor, 2018).…”

Research on English Translation Based on Functional Equivalence Theory and Genetic Algorithm

“…Then, a study of individual forms of expression can be conducted. The individual representations of our calculations are determined [24].…”