On the Quantitative Measure of a Sonochemical Effect in Heterogeneous Sonochemistry

Sonochemical Reaction of Bifunctional Molecules on Silicon (111) Hydride Surface

“…In their context, 'true' sonochemical reaction was described as a reaction in which acoustic cavitation creates a coordinated unsaturated element and free radicals to influence the chemical outcome of the reaction in homogeneous solution, while the outcome of the 'false' sonochemical reaction was due to the mechanistic impact of sonochemical reaction in a heterogeneous solution. The notion that a sonochemical-based reaction is merely a mechanistic rather than a chemical operation was also discussed by Kegelaers et al [77] who, after repeating the same series of experiments as described by Ando et al [75], came to the different conclusion that sonochemical reaction served as a mechanistic approach akin to those from extensive stirring that shortens the reaction time [78] but by itself did not induce a chemical change. Despite various examples of 'true' [79][80][81] and 'false' [82,83] sonochemical reactions in literature, which so far remain as the most common explanations, it is necessary to acknowledge that the exact mechanism of sonication chemistry has not yet been clearly elucidated [84].…”

Metal-free GO-SiPr-SO3H Nanosheets Catalyzed Ultrasound Promoted One-pot Synthesis of Star-Shape Phenolic Compounds in Water and Study of Their In-vitro Antimicrobial Activities

“…The ultrasound had no effect on chemical pathway and the rate of reactions is often comparable to those of non‐irradiated ultrasound. Also, ultrasound irradiation could be positive effect on catalytic activity of heterogeneous catalysts, increasing yields and rate of the reaction due to the mechanical effect of shock waves . Most of organic chemists are used ultrasonic irradiation as an efficient tool to increase the yields and rates of many organic transformations.…”

“…Also, ultrasound irradiation could be positive effect on catalytic activity of heterogeneous catalysts, increasing yields and rate of the reaction due to the mechanical effect of shock waves. [7] Most of organic chemists are used ultrasonic irradiation as an efficient tool to increase the yields and rates of many organic transformations. The CÀN and NÀN bond formation for the synthesis of 2H-indazoles was reported using copper-doped silica cuprous sulphate under ultrasound irradiation.…”

Ultrasound in Synthetic Organic Chemistry

“…The results of cavitation are independent from the method of induction. Several publications about these topics show that results based on hydrodynamic cavitation are similar to results based on ultrasound irradiation [16].…”