On the Road to 6G: Visions, Requirements, Key Technologies, and Testbeds

Wang, Cheng-Xiang; You, Xiaohu; Gao, Xiqi; Zhu, Xiuming; Li, Zixin; Zhang, Chuan; Wang, Haiming; Huang, Yongming; Chen, Yunfei; Haas, Harald; Thompson, John S.; Larsson, Erik G.; Renzo, Marco Di; Tong, Wen; Zhu, Pengcheng; Shen, Xuemin; Poor, H. Vincent; Hanzo, Lajos

doi:10.1109/comst.2023.3249835

Cited by 603 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 551 publications

(837 reference statements)

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“…F UTURE 6G wireless networks require superior spectral efficiency, larger coverage, and support for higher mobility [1]. Since coordinated direct and relay transmission (CDRT) using non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) can provide direct and relay communication links via powerdomain superposition coding and successive interference cancellation (SIC), it is recognized as a potential enabling technology to simultaneously enhance the system spectral efficiency and coverage [2], [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of OTFS-NOMA Scheme for Coordinated Direct and Relay Transmission Networks in High-Mobility Scenarios

Xu¹,

Du²,

Yuan³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In this paper, an orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) based non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme is investigated for the coordinated direct and relay transmission system, where a source directly communicates with a near user with high mobile speed, and it needs the relaying assistance to serve the far user also having high mobility. Due to the coexistence of signal superposition coding and multi-domain transformation, the performance of OTFS-based NOMA is usually challenging to be measured from a theoretical perspective. To accurately evaluate the system performance of the proposed scheme, we derive the closed-form expressions for the outage probability and the outage sum rate by using the Inversion formula and characteristic function. Numerical results verify the performance superiority and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of OTFS-NOMA Scheme for Coordinated Direct and Relay Transmission Networks in High-Mobility Scenarios

Xu¹,

Du²,

Yuan³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…However, the demand for services is high, and therefore, 6G architecture with large bandwidth offers greater flexibility to satisfy increasing services. 36 The transmission rate will also be increased to Tbps, allowing hyper-fast wireless access. Data transaction security can be provided using blockchain network arrangement in various applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 5G network offers a network connection for the present V2V arrangement. However, the demand for services is high, and therefore, 6G architecture with large bandwidth offers greater flexibility to satisfy increasing services 36 . The transmission rate will also be increased to Tbps, allowing hyper‐fast wireless access.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized blockchain network model for 6G cellular vehicle‐to‐everything communication

Bilgehan,

Sabuncu

2023

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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Road safety of electric cars has required large and fast data flow. The six‐generation (6G) networks that provide hyper‐speed, ultra‐reliable, and minimal delay meet the requirements. Data reliability can be supported with popular blockchain technology, which is still widely accepted as a decentralized data management system. This article used an optimum path with the highest signal‐to‐noise constraints for the proposed algorithms. The essential requirement of error‐free data transmission for high‐speed and large data has been successfully implemented. Three‐stage implementations are suggested. The edge computers at the partners are used as storage to resolve the first level. A C‐V2X network solution is used to resolve the second level of economic activity. A two‐stage optimization strategy is used to consider the last level of high network transaction levels. The results of the newly introduced optimization algorithms are simulated and contrasted with those of a traditional, time‐consuming step‐by‐step calculation method. The introduced algorithms tested with real‐time experimental signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER) values, giving successful results.

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“…This offers the advantage of drastically reducing the number of parameters to be learned. • Single-and multi-target performance comparison and ISAC trade-off characterization: We first consider the single-target case (corresponding to one OMP iteration) and compare different solutions based on the extent of model knowledge: (i) neural-network-based learning (NNBL) 1 , representing no knowledge of the system model, (ii) the two MB-ML approaches, where model knowledge is utilized, but impairments are learned, and (iii) a strong baseline, which fully relies on the mathematical description of the system model under no hardware impairments. Our results show that under hardware impairments, the new MB-ML ULA impairment learning outperforms all other approaches in terms of target detection and range-angle estimation, with fewer trainable parameters.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In case of different ULAs for transmitting and receiving, different steering vector models should be used in(1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

End-to-End Learning for Integrated Sensing and Communication

Mateos-Ramos

Song

et al. 2022

ICC 2022 - IEEE International Conference on Communications

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We study model-based end-to-end learning in the context of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) under hardware impairments. A monostatic orthogonal frequencydivision multiplexing (OFDM) sensing and multiple-input singleoutput (MISO) communication scenario is considered, incorporating hardware imperfections at the ISAC transceiver antenna array. To enable end-to-end learning of the ISAC transmitter and sensing receiver, we propose a novel differentiable version of the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm that is suitable for multi-target sensing. Based on the differentiable OMP, we devise two model-based parameterization strategies to account for hardware impairments: (i) learning a dictionary of steering vectors for different angles, and (ii) learning the parameterized hardware impairments. For the single-target case, we carry out a comprehensive performance analysis of the proposed model-based learning approaches, a neural-networkbased learning approach and a strong baseline consisting of least-squares beamforming, conventional OMP, and maximumlikelihood symbol detection for communication. Results show that learning the parameterized hardware impairments offers higher detection probability, better angle and range estimation accuracy, lower communication symbol error rate (SER), and exhibits the lowest complexity among all learning methods. Lastly, we demonstrate that learning the parameterized hardware impairments is scalable also to multiple targets, revealing significant improvements in terms of ISAC performance over the baseline.Index Terms-Hardware impairments, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), joint communication and sensing (JCAS), machine learning, model-based learning, orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP). I. INTRODUCTIONN EXT-generation wireless communication systems are expected to operate at higher carrier frequencies to meet the data rate requirements necessary for emerging use cases such as smart cities, e-health, and digital twins for manufacturing [1]-[4]. Higher carrier frequencies also enable new functionalities, such as integrated sensing and communication (ISAC).

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On the Road to 6G: Visions, Requirements, Key Technologies, and Testbeds

Abstract: Fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems have entered the stage of commercial development, providing users with new services and improved user experiences as well as offering a host of novel opportunities to various industries.

Cited by 603 publications

References 551 publications

Performance of OTFS-NOMA Scheme for Coordinated Direct and Relay Transmission Networks in High-Mobility Scenarios

Performance of OTFS-NOMA Scheme for Coordinated Direct and Relay Transmission Networks in High-Mobility Scenarios

Optimized blockchain network model for 6G cellular vehicle‐to‐everything communication

End-to-End Learning for Integrated Sensing and Communication

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