On the significance of correlations among neuronal spike trains

Palm, Günther; Aertsen, Ad; Gerstein, George L.

doi:10.1007/bf00336885

Cited by 232 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A large of number of studies have proven that neuronal synaptic connections can be well determined by the method (Kirkwood, 1979;Gerstein 2000;Buzsaki 2004). It was first proposed by Perkel et al in 1967 with various generations of PEHs or cross-correlations developed later for studies of time domains (Gerstein and Perkel 1972;Gerstein and Aertsen 1985;Palm et al 1988;Aertsen et al 1989) and frequency domains (Perkel 1970;Rosenberg et al 1989). Using the PEH analysis, we observed 472 sharp peaks and 6 troughs in 33,622 pairs of units.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The method is based on the time relationship of spike trains of two neurons. A large of number of studies have proven that neuronal synaptic connections can be well determined by the (Gerstein and Perkel 1972;Gerstein and Aertsen 1985;Palm et al 1988;Aertsen et al 1989) and frequency domains (Perkel 1970;Rosenberg et al 1989). Using the PEH analysis, we observed 472 sharp peaks and 6 troughs in 33,622 pairs of units.…”

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confidence: 84%

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Hypercapnia modulates synaptic interaction of cultured brainstem neurons

Ling¹,

Su²,

Zhang³

et al. 2008

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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SummaryCO 2 is an important metabolic product whose concentrations are constantly monitored by CO 2 chemoreceptors. However, the high systemic CO 2 sensitivity may not be achieved by the CO 2 chemoreceptors without neuronal network processes. To show modulation of network properties during hypercapnia, we studied brainstem neurons dissociated from embryonic rats (P17-19) in multi-electrode arrays (MEA) after initial period (3 weeks) of culture. Spike trains of 33,622 pairs of units were analyzed using peri-event histograms (PEH). The amplitude of pericentral peaks between two CO 2 -stimulated units increased and the peak latency decreased during hypercapnia. Similar enhancement of synaptic strength was observed in those sharing a common input. These phenomena were not seen in CO 2 -unresponsive neurons. The amplitude of pericentral peaks between two CO 2 inhibited units also increased without changing latency. Over 60% CO 2 -stimulated neurons studied received mono-/oligosynaptic inputs from other CO 2 -stimulated cells, whereas only ~10% CO 2 -unresponsive neurons had such synaptic inputs. A small number of brainstem neurons showed electrical couplings. The coupling efficiency of CO 2 -stimulated but not CO 2 -unresponsive units was suppressed by ~50% with high PCO 2 . Inhibitory synaptic projections were also found, which was barely affected by hypercapnia. Consistent with the strengthening of excitatory synaptic connections, CO 2 sensitivity of post-synaptic neurons was significantly higher than presynaptic neurons. The difference was eliminated with blockade of presynaptic input. Based on these indirect assessments of synaptic interaction, our PEH analysis suggests that hypercapnia appears to modulate excitatory synaptic transmissions, especially those between CO 2 -stimulated neurons. KeywordsCO 2 chemoreceptor; multielectrode arrays; MEA; peri-event histogram; cross-correlation; cell culture; neuronal network; electrical coupling 1, IntroductionCO 2 is a major metabolic product and plays an important role in systemic pH regulation and acid-base secretions. The PCO 2 levels are tightly regulated by several feedback control systems in which a critical step is the CO 2 detection by sensing cells in the brainstem and carotid body (Feldman et al. 2003;Richerson 2004;Putnam et al. 2004; Guyenet et al. 2005b). Of particular interest are brainstem CO 2 -chemosensitive neurons, as the systemic CO 2 response is retained after carotid bodies are removed bilaterally. With these CO 2 -chemosensitive cells, the nervous system can detect a change in arterial PCO 2 by as low as 1 torr and couple it to a 20-30% * Correspondence to: Phone: 404-651-0913, Fax: 404-651-2509, E-mail: cjiang@gsu.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Pl...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Hypercapnia modulates synaptic interaction of cultured brainstem neurons

Ling¹,

Su²,

Zhang³

et al. 2008

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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“…There are many methods for evaluating crosscorrelation strengths (Perkel et al, 1967;Palm et al, 1988;Aertsen et al, 1989;Brody, 1999). We were most interested in comparing our results with those of Ts'o et al (1986) and followed them by computing crosscovariograms normalized to baseline correlation, computing strength values for these covariograms, and then ranking them.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of Patchy Horizontal Connectivity in Primary Visual Cortex of a Mammal without Orientation Maps

et al. 2006

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In the cerebral cortex of mammals, horizontal connections link cells up to several millimeters apart. In primary visual cortex (V1) of mammals with orientation maps, horizontal connections ramify in periodic patches across the cortical surface, connecting cells with similar orientation preferences. Rodents have orientation-selective cells but lack orientation maps, raising questions about relationships of horizontal connections to functional maps and receptive field properties. To address these questions, we studied anatomy of horizontal connections and characterized horizontal functional interactions in V1 of the gray squirrel, a highly visual rodent. Long-range intrinsic connections in squirrel V1 extended 1-2 mm but were not patchy or periodic. This result suggests that periodic and patchy connectivity is not a universal organizing principle of cortex, and the existence of patchy and periodic connectivity and functional maps may be linked. In multielectrode and intracellular recordings, we found evidence of unselective local interactions among cells, similar to pinwheel centers of carnivores. These data suggest that, in mammals with and without orientation maps, local connections link near neighbors without regard to orientation selectivity. In single-unit recordings, we found length-summing and end-stopped cells that were similar to those in other mammals. Length-summing cell surrounds were orientation selective, whereas surrounds of end-stopped cells were not. Receptive field response classes are quite similar across mammals, and therefore patchy and columnar connectivity may not be essential for these properties.

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“…According to Palm et al (1988), C ϭ rS(1 Ϫ S) ϩ S 2 , where r is the reliability estimated above as the normalized crosscorrelation between trials. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is then the mean over the standard deviation, such that the following is true:…”

Section: Spiking Network Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable Recall of Spontaneous Activity Patterns in Cortical Networks

Marre¹,

Yger²,

Davison³

et al. 2009

J. Neurosci.

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Irregular ongoing activity in cortical networks is often modeled as arising from recurrent connectivity. Yet it remains unclear to what extent its presence corrupts sensory signal transmission and network computational capabilities. In a recurrent cortical-like network, we have determined the activity patterns that are better transmitted and self-sustained by the network. We show that reproducible spiking and subthreshold dynamics can be triggered if the statistics of the imposed external drive are consistent with patterns previously seen in the ongoing activity. A subset of neurons in the network, constrained to replay temporal pattern segments extracted from the recorded ongoing activity of the same network, reliably drives the remaining, free-running neurons to call the rest of the pattern. Comparison with surrogate Poisson patterns indicates that the efficiency of the recall and completion process depends on the similarity between the statistical properties of the input with previous ongoing activity The reliability of evoked dynamics in recurrent networks is thus dependent on the stimulus used, and we propose that the similarity between spontaneous and evoked activity in sensory cortical areas could be a signature of efficient transmission and propagation across cortical networks.

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On the significance of correlations among neuronal spike trains

Cited by 232 publications

References 15 publications

Hypercapnia modulates synaptic interaction of cultured brainstem neurons

Hypercapnia modulates synaptic interaction of cultured brainstem neurons

Lack of Patchy Horizontal Connectivity in Primary Visual Cortex of a Mammal without Orientation Maps

Reliable Recall of Spontaneous Activity Patterns in Cortical Networks

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