On the Sn I and Sn II Stark broadening

Djeniže, S.; Srećković, A.; Nikolić, Zoran

doi:10.1088/0953-4075/39/14/011

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As can be easily seen, all the experimental data determined in this work agree with that previously available, with the exception of the values presented by Djeniže et al (2006). In these cases a remarkable difference exits.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…With the exceptions of the values obtained with the parameters contributed by Djeniže et al (2006), the remaining values result in an averaged electron density of (1:1 AE 0:2) ; 10 16 cm À3 . The results obtained with the parameters of Djeniže et al (1992, Purić et al (1985).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Stark broadening of neutral and singly ionized tin have been the subject of several experimental and theoretical studies (Miller et al 1979;Hey & Breger 1980, 1981Lakićević 1983;Lakićević & Purić 1983;Purić et al 1985;Dimitrijević & Konjević 1986;Djeniže et al1990Djeniže et al ,1992Djeniže et al , 2006Martínez & Blanco1999;Konjević et al 2002;Kieft et al 2004Alonso-Medina et al 2005. Both theoretical and experimental studies are relevant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measured Stark Widths of Several Sniand SniiSpectral Lines in a Laser‐induced Plasma

Alonso‐Medina

Colón

2008

ApJ

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Data on Stark widths of spectral lines are of high interest for astrophysics and analytical techniques of stellar plasma diagnosis. Stark widths of 43 spectral lines of Sn i and 27 spectral lines of Sn ii has been measured in a laser-induced plasma ( LIP) at an electron temperature of 11,000 K and an electron density of 1:1 ; 10 16 cm À3 . The LIP optical emission spectroscopy generated by a 10640 8 radiation, with a flux of 1:4 ; 10 10 W cm À2 on several tin and lead targets in an atmosphere of argon was recorded at 2.5 s and analyzed between 1890 and 7000 8. The population level distribution and the corresponding temperatures were obtained using Boltzmann plots. The plasma electron densities were determined using well-known Stark broadening parameters of spectral lines. Special attention was dedicated to the possible self-absorption of the different transitions. The local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) conditions and plasma homogeneity have been checked. The experimental results obtained have been compared with the experimental and theoretical values given by other authors. The results obtained in this study will allow a substantial improvement in the interpretation of the data of the ultraviolet spectrum of the tin observed by the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. These atomic data are relevant to the analysis of the isotopic abundances of tin in stellar atmospheres.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measured Stark Widths of Several Sniand SniiSpectral Lines in a Laser‐induced Plasma

Alonso‐Medina

Colón

2008

ApJ

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“…The plasma density can be inferred from the profile of the line spectra, because the shape and width of the spectral lines are governed by the collisional process perturbing the emitting atoms and ions. The FWHM of Stark broadened lines is related to the electron number density n e by [21][22][23] Dk 1=2 ¼ 2W p n e 10 16 1 þ 1:75G n e 10 16 1=4…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time and space resolved visible spectroscopic imaging CO2 laser produced extreme ultraviolet emitting tin plasmas

Wang

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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Experiments involving laser produced tin plasma have been carried out using a CO 2 laser with an energy of 800 mJ/pulse and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 80 ns in vacuum. Time-integrated extreme ultraviolet spectral measurement showed that the peak of the extreme ultraviolet lithography spectrum was located at 13.5 nm and the spectrum profile's FWHM of the unresolved transition arrays was 1.1 nm. Plasma parameters of the electron temperature and density measurements in both axial and radial directions at later times had been obtained from a two-dimensional time and space resolved image spectra analysis. The axial spatial distribution of the electron density showed a 1/d 2.6 decrease profile, and the radial spatial distribution of the electron density showed a 1/r 1.1 profile, in which d is the axial distance from the target surface and r is the radial distance. The electron density was found to maintain symmetry across the radial distance at all delay times. Near the plasma plume center, the electron temperature T e varied slightly with increasing axial or radial distance, which was related to collisional decoupling and reheating of the ionized species in the plasma at distances longer than 3 to 4 mm. The space averaged electron temperature was measured in the range of 3.4-1.0 eV, and the space averaged electron density was measured in the range of 2.0 Â 10 17 to 2.2 Â 10 16 cm À3 , as the time delay varied from 1.6 ls to 3.6 ls with respect to the pulse discharge. Time evolutions of the plasma temperature and density were found to have an apparent rise at a delay time of 2.4 ls in the corresponding time of the laser pulse tail peak. This suggests that plasma parameters and extreme ultraviolet emission intensity can be controlled by a double pulse combined laser.

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“…Stark broadening parameters for Sn can be found in various compilations [36][37][38][39]. Detailed spectroscopic work and theoretical calculations on Stark broadening are available for Sn I [40,41], Sn II [42][43][44][45][46][47], Sn III [48,49], Sn I and II [50][51][52][53][54], Sn II and III [29], Sn II, III, IV [55], and Sn IV [56][57][58][59]. Relevant and typically studied electron temperatures are between 1 and 5 eV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time- and space-resolved optical Stark spectroscopy in the afterglow of laser-produced tin-droplet plasma

et al. 2020

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The afterglow emission from Nd:YAG-laser-produced microdroplet-tin plasma is investigated, with a focus on analyzing Stark effect phenomena and the dynamical evolution of the plasma. Time-and space-resolved optical imaging spectroscopy is performed on 11 lines from Sn I-IV ions, in the 315-425-nm wavelength range. Stark shift-to-width ratios serve as the basis for unambiguous experimental tests of atomic physics theory predictions. Experiment and theory, where available, are found to be in poor agreement, and are in disagreement regarding the sign of the ratio in several cases. Spectroscopic measurements of the Stark widths in tandem with Saha-Boltzmann fits to Sn I and Sn II lines, establish the evolution of the local temperature and density of the plasma afterglow, 20-40 ns after the end of the 15-ns-long temporally box-shaped laser pulse. A clear cool-down from ∼2 to 1 eV is observed of the plasma in this time window, having started at ∼30 eV when emitting extremeultraviolet (EUV) light. An exponential reduction of the density of the plasma from ∼10 18-10 17 e − cm −3 is observed in this same time window. Our work is relevant for understanding the dynamics of the decaying, expanding plasma in state-of-the-art EUV nanolithography machines.

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On the Sn I and Sn II Stark broadening

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Measured Stark Widths of Several Sniand SniiSpectral Lines in a Laser‐induced Plasma

Measured Stark Widths of Several Sniand SniiSpectral Lines in a Laser‐induced Plasma

Time and space resolved visible spectroscopic imaging CO2 laser produced extreme ultraviolet emitting tin plasmas

Time- and space-resolved optical Stark spectroscopy in the afterglow of laser-produced tin-droplet plasma

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