On the viscosity of magnetic fluid with low and moderate solid fraction

Experimental Investigations on the Viscosity of Magnetic Nanofluids under the Influence of Temperature, Volume Fractions of Nanoparticles and External Magnetic Field

“…Since the control and handling of the flow and energy transport processes in the magnetic fluid are possible by using an external magnetic field, the magnetic fluid expanded into thermal engineering during the past decade besides these applications (Li and Xuan 2009), but very few research are available about the viscosity of different nanofluids and ferrofluids. Some investigations measured the viscosity of the magnetic fluids (Graham 1981;Timko et al 1994;Wagh and Avashia 1996;Patel et al 2003;Li et al 2005;Hong et al 2007;Ren et al 2008). They exposed that the viscosity of the magnetic fluid is greater than that of the base liquid in both the absence and presence of the external magnetic field.…”

“…They found that the application of Einstein's formula seems not to be suitable for nanofluids. Ren et al (2008) proposed a comprehensive relation that express the viscosity of ferrofluid based on various parameters such as magnetic field strength, temperature and volume fraction of the nanoparticles. Murshed et al (2008) …”

Preparation and characterization of carbonyl iron/strontium hexaferrite magnetorheological fluids

“…According to our previous research (Han, Hong, Wang, & Ding, 2007;Ren, Han, Hong, Ding, & Li, 2008), the rheological properties of MRF were also measured using a pressurized capillary rheometer with and without a magnetic field. The capillary rheometer is designed according to the basic theory of fluid mechanics.…”

Frequency Enhancement of Oil Whip and Oil Whirl in a Ferrofluid–Lubricated Hydrodynamic Bearing–Rotor System by Magnetic Field with Permanent Magnets

“…In recent years, with the development of nanotechnology, many applications have been proposed, and they have mainly been used in three major areas: space technology, damping mechanisms, and in shaft sealing technology and hydrodynamic bearings. A dynamic equation has been proposed for a hydrodynamic bearing-rotor system lubricated by ferrofluid, which has shown that ferrofluid applied on the oil-film bearing can improve the viscosity and the load-carrying capacity in a magnetic field [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].Several researchers [23][24][25] have discussed the change of the bearing capacity of a sliding bearing under the influence of an external magnetic field. Uhlmann et al [26,27] have studied the influence of external magnetic field on the friction performance of journal bearings.…”