On the Way to Legal Framework for AI in Public Sector

Impacts of Artificial Intelligence on Public Administration: A Systematic Literature Review

“…lethal autonomous weapons systems (hereafter -LAWS) can be debatable from the ethical point of view. If the decision-making algorithm is comparably simple, and ethical issues are not involved, the task to control the machine is simple for a human operator and reasonably she is responsible for the decision [5]. Nevertheless, Mikhail et al [5] argues that newly developed AI technologies destined for control over complex systems as smart weapons are hardly being fully controlled by a human operator.…”

“…If the decision-making algorithm is comparably simple, and ethical issues are not involved, the task to control the machine is simple for a human operator and reasonably she is responsible for the decision [5]. Nevertheless, Mikhail et al [5] argues that newly developed AI technologies destined for control over complex systems as smart weapons are hardly being fully controlled by a human operator. LAWS can violate fundamental principles of human dignity by allowing machines to choose whom to kill -for example, they might be tasked to eliminate anyone exhibiting "threatening behaviour" [44].…”

“…Processing of information about individuals by AI systems is now not a question -it is a fact [63]. The issues of responsibility and interconnection between the AI machine and its creator could have another implication, as it could be easily presumed that the decision-making algorithms used in AI systems for public administration will be considered as open data [5]. Therefore, in private sector, it is up for an individual to give her consent on data processing or to object it, whereas in the public sector, the use of information technologies is usually prescribed by law and an individual does not have a right to object it as well as the use of AI technologies to process data [34].…”

“…Mikhail et al [5] argues that questions of trust may be raised with AI in decision-making on vital social problems and potentially even the consideration of such decisions on the level of electoral procedures [64]. As AI applications touch several aspects of human life, regulations are needed to ensure safety of the people, protection of privacy, etc.…”

“…Artificial intelligence is generally identified as an interdisciplinary research field that gains special attention in society, economics and the public sector, opening up a variety of new opportunities [2,3,4]. The global tendency to use AI technologies in many areas of our life, including complex systems in the field of transportation, space, medicine, research, emergency, etc., evokes debates about its use for public administration [5].…”