On use of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si4.gif" overflow="scroll"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>CO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>∗</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math> chemiluminescence for combustion metrics in natural gas fired reciprocating engines

Gupta, Sidhant; Bihari, Bipin; Biruduganti, Munidhar; Sekar, R.; Zigan, James

doi:10.1016/j.proci.2010.05.032

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Note that this portion does not cover the entire range of CO * 2 emission as suggested by [14] In most gas turbine applications, CO * 2 is believed to be the main species contributing to the background chemiluminescence, reproduced in part in Fig. 1, which emits light from approximately 340 nm to 650 nm [4], unlike other important excited-state species such as OH * and CH * , which exhibit distinct spectroscopic features. On the other hand, other studies often contribute the background emission over much the same wavelength region to chemiluminescence from CH 2 O * and HCO * , also depicted approximately in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…1. Although several works have studied CO * 2 chemistry [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], a detailed reaction mechanism for the formation and destruction of CO * 2 does not exist, and arguably CO * 2 chemical kinetics are not as well studied as OH * and CH * kinetics. Therefore the primary focus of the present study was to verify specific wavelengths that isolate the CO * 2 chemiluminescence, develop a working chemical kinetics mechanism for CO * 2 , and compare this mechanism to new shock-tube results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This broadband background has been a subject of several studies [4,[14][15][16][17], including one in which Dean et al [18] employed H 2 /N 2 O/CO/Ar mixtures to measure the rate constant of the reaction H + N 2 O N 2 + OH * . As Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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$\mathrm{CO}_{2}^{*}$ chemiluminescence study at low and elevated pressures

et al. 2012

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Chemiluminescence experiments have been performed to assess the state of current CO * 2 kinetics modeling. The difficulty with modeling CO * 2 lies in its broad emission spectrum, making it a challenge to isolate it from background emission of species such as CH * and CH 2 O * . Experiments were performed in a mixture of 0.0005H 2 + 0.01N 2 O + 0.03CO + 0.9595Ar in an attempt to isolate CO * 2 emission. Temperatures ranged from 1654 K to 2221 K at two average pressures, 1.4 and 10.4 atm. The unique time histories of the various chemiluminescence species in the unconventional mixture employed at these conditions allow for easy identification of the CO * 2 concentration. Two different wavelengths to capture CO * 2 were used; one optical filter was centered at 415 nm and the other at 458 nm. The use of these two different wavelengths was done to verify that broadband CO * 2 was in fact being captured, and not emission from other species such as CH * and CH 2 O * . As a baseline for time history and peak magnitude comparison, OH * emission was captured at 307 nm simultaneously with the two CO * 2 filters. The results from the two CO * 2 filters were consistent with each other, implying that indeed the same species (i.e., CO * 2 ) was being measured at both wavelengths. A first-generation kinetics model for CO * 2 and CH 2 O * was developed, since no comprehensively validated one exists to date. CH 2 O * and CH * were ruled out as being present in the experiments at any measurable level, based on calculations and comparisons with the data. Agreement with

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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$\mathrm{CO}_{2}^{*}$ chemiluminescence study at low and elevated pressures

et al. 2012

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“…Chemiluminescence has proven to be a significant diagnostic tool for combustion monitoring. Its relative simplicity and nonintrusive nature make it interesting for a variety of applications such as heat release sensing , equivalence ratio detection , and fuel consumption rate monitoring . Chemiluminescence describes the process in which a molecule transitions from an excited state to its ground state, causing a release of energy in the form of light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much of the broadband background emission in hydrocarbon flames has been attributed to emission from CO 2 * , but the various, proposed kinetic mechanisms for CO 2 * are not in complete consensus . It has been identified by Broida and Gaydon and Laidler and Shuler that the main reaction that forms CO 2 * is

\begin{matrix} true \\ right CO + normalO + normalM ⇄ {CO}_{2}^{*} + normalM \end{matrix}

However, the rate for this reaction is still up for debate , and there is discrepancy as to the overall order of this reaction as well .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate Determination of the CO₂* Chemiluminescence Reaction CO + O + M CO₂* + M

Kopp

Mathieu

Petersen

2014

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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Electronically excited carbon dioxide (CO 2 *) is known for its broadband emission, and its detection can lead to valuable information; however, owing to its broadband characteristics, CO 2 * is difficult to isolate experimentally, and its chemical kinetics are not well known. Although numerous works have monitored CO 2 * chemiluminescence, a full kinetic scheme for the excited species has yet to be developed. To this end, a series of shock-tube experiments was performed in H 2 -N 2 O-CO mixtures highly diluted in argon at conditions where emission from CO 2 * could be isolated and monitored. These results were used to evaluate the kinetics of CO 2 *, in particular the main CO 2 * formation reaction CO + O + M CO 2 * + M (R1). Based on collision theory, the quenching chemistry of CO 2 * was estimated for 11 collision partners. The final mechanism developed for CO 2 * consists of 14 reactions and 13 species. The rate for (R1) was determined to within about ±60% using low-pressure experiments performed in five different (H 2 -)N 2 O-CO-Ar mixtures, as follows:where R is the universal gas constant in cal/mol-K and T is the temperature in K. Final mechanism predictions were compared with experiments at low and high pressures, with good agreement at both conditions for the temperature dependence of the peak CO 2 * and the CO 2 * species time histories. Comparisons were also made with previous experiments in methane-oxygen mixtures, where there was slight overprediction of CO 2 * experimental trends, but with the results otherwise showing a dramatic improvement over an earlier mechanism. Experimental results and model predictions were also compared with past literature rates for CO 2 *, with good agreement for peak CO 2 * trends and slight discrepancies in CO 2 * species time histories. Overall, the ability of the CO 2 * mechanism developed in this work to reproduce a range of experimental trends represents an important improvement over the existing knowledge base on chemiluminescence chemistry. C

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