Onboard Energy Storage and Power Management Systems for All-Electric Cargo Vessel Concept

Abstract

This paper presents an innovative approach to the design of a forthcoming, fully electric-powered cargo vessel. This work begins by defining problems that need to be solved when designing vessels of this kind. Using available literature and market research, a solution for the design of a power management system and a battery management system for a cargo vessel of up to 1504 TEU capacity was developed. The proposed solution contains an innovative approach with three parallel energy sources. The solution takes into consideration the possible necessity for zero-emission work with the optional function of operation as an autonomous vessel. Energy storage system based on lithium-ion battery banks with a possibility of expanding the capacity is also described in this work as it is the core part of the proposed solution. It is estimated that the operation range for zero-emission work mode of up to 136 nautical miles can be achieved through the application of all fore-mentioned parts.

Battery Energy Storage Systems in Ships’ Hybrid/Electric Propulsion Systems

“…Research on recent developments in battery energy storage system applications in the maritime industry, their key developments, and characteristics of various energy storage systems have been presented in [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Within the last 2-3 years there has been some research carried out in relation to the optimisation of the BESS [16,17] and optimal sizing of the batteries used in the BESS [18,19].…”

“…Study [22], based on the U.S. Navy electric ships, explores the trade-off between energy storage size requirements (i.e., mass) and performance (i.e., peak power, energy storage, and control bandwidth) in the context of a BESS control system (BMS) architecture. A previous paper [14] provides a solution for the design of a battery management system (BMS) and of a power management system for a cargo vessel of up to 1504 TEU capacity. Another work [23] focuses on the power management systems of the multi-energy maritime grids.…”

“…The research in "Electric Ferries" [39] explores, among others, the implementation of electric ferries in the Baltic region. Another paper [14] presents an innovative approach to the design of a forthcoming, fully electric-powered cargo vessel-a solution for the design of a power management system and a battery management system for a cargo vessel of up to 1504 TEU capacity was developed. Various types of vessels and the progress that has been made towards their electrification is presented in the report [27].…”

Future Sustainable Maritime Sector: Energy Efficiency Improvement and Environmental Impact Reduction for Fishing Carriers Older than 20 Years in the Fleet Part II

“…Energy efficiency technologies [6][7][8][9] can be adapted to ship systems where there is high potential for cutting costs: air lubrication systems, wind-assisted propulsion [10] such as Flettner rotors, kite and sail propulsion, marine battery systems, or any energy storage systems [11], waste heat recovery systems [12][13][14] or energy recovery systems, exhaust gas cleaning systems [15] according to requirements set by maritime regulations, propeller efficiency retrofit, rudder efficiency retrofit, operated system or equipment auxiliary saving technologies to reduce energy consumption, shaft generators, engine tuning, trim optimization, coating or antifoul evaluation, cold ironing, HVAC&R to improve energy efficiency, and insulation improvements to reduce energy losses.…”