Oncogenesis of Squamous Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix

Nair, Bindu S.; Pillai, Radhakrishna

doi:10.1097/00004347-199201000-00008

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The metaplastic transformation zone in the ectocervix of a GM woman will repeatedly be exposed to carcinogenetic agents. For this reason, multiparity may intensify the actions of carcinogenic infectious agents (Nair and Pillai, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theoretically, young age at first birth could be an independent risk factor for CC, because the cervix is most vulnerable at young age, when the risk of sexually transmitted diseases is most prominent. The degree of nuclear atypia increases with the duration of infection (Nair and Pillai, 1992;Schiffman et al, 1996). Short interval between births was associated with an increased risk of CIN3 in postmenopausal GM women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A population-based study on the risk of cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among grand multiparous women in Finland

et al. 2004

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Previous studies suggest that high parity increases the risk of cervical cancer. We studied the risk of cervical cancer (CC) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3) in a Finnish cohort of grand multiparous (GM) women (at least five children) with low prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI). The Finnish Cancer Registry data revealed 220 CC and 178 CIN3 cases among 86 978 GM women. Standardised incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated from the numbers of observed and expected cases. Interval analyses by parity, age at first birth and average birth interval were done using multivariate Poisson regression. Seroprevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and Chlamydia trachomatis was tested among 561 GM women and 5703 women with 2 -4 pregnancies. The incidence among GM women was slightly above the national average for squamous cell carcinoma of cervix uteri (SIR 1.21, 95% CI 1.05 -1.40) and CIN3 (1.37, 95% CI 1.17 -1.58), but lower for adenocarcinoma (SIR 0.77, 95% CI 0.52 -1.10). The seroprevalence of HPV16 and Chlamydia trachomatis among GM women was lower than in the reference population, except among those women who had their child under age 19. Age under 20 years at first birth increased the risk of CC and CIN3 especially in premenopausal GM women, while increasing parity had no effect. The small relative risks of CC and CIN3 among GM women in our study as compared to studies from other countries can be explained by the exceptionally low prevalence of STIs in Finnish GM women. The observed SIRs between 1.2 and 1.4 should be interpreted to represent increased risk attributable to grand multiparity. The increased incidence of CC and CIN3 among young GM women suggests causal association to HPV 16 and Chlamydia trachomatis infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A population-based study on the risk of cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among grand multiparous women in Finland

et al. 2004

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“…Cervical region is a common site of female malignancies in India with 85% of neoplasia having a mortality rate of 5% (Nair and Pillai 1992). Various types of markers are being in use for the early diagnosis and to observe patients response to therapy while there are many diagnostic marker for early diagnosis of malignancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Isoenzyme is a Biochemical Tumour Marker in Cervical Carcinoma Patients

Subramanian¹,

Krishnan

Prakash

et al. 2009

International Journal of Human Genetics

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To establish Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme is a biochemical tumor marker in cervical carcinoma patients for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of the disease. The Serum and cervical tissue LDH isoenzyme was analyzed qualitatively by Poly Acrylamide Disc Gel Electrophoresis method. The total LDH activity was estimated quantitatively by the method of UV spectrophotometry. 50 untreated cervical carcinoma patients were taken up and compared with age matched healthy females (controls). Out of 50 patients, 5 patients were histologically classified as well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (Grade-I), 23 were moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (Grade-II) and 22 were poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (Grade-III). Grade-I patients did not show any change, in the serum and cervical tissue LDH isoenzyme fractions compared to the controls but variation in electrophoretic mobility have been observed. Grade-II patients showed two new additional isoenzyme fractions in LDH 2 and LDH 3 locations, where as Grade-III patients showed only three LDH isoenzyme fractions. The total LDH activity in both serum and cervix tissue of normal individuals are 0.458±0.0796 units/ml; and 0.680±0.0218 units/mg. Grade-I patients did not show any change in total LDH activity (serum: 0.384±0.0404 units/ml; cervical tissue: 0.589±0.0292 units/mg; P<0.01). Grade-III patients showed much lower values (serum: 0.284±0.0109 units/ml; cervical tissue: 0.327±0.043 units/mg; P<0.001), where as Grade-II patients showed significant increase in total LDH activity (serum: 0.878±0.0531 units/ml; cervical tissue: 1.296±0.0813 units/mg; P<0.001) respectively. The results suggest that LDH isoenzyme is useful biochemical tumor marker for diagnosis and to assess the grade of malignancy.

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“…For example, an index of response to tumor-associated antigens, the degree of leukocyte migration inhibition, has been shown to be significantly greater in invasive cervical cancer (Goldstein et al, 1971;Rivera et al, 1979), although no relationship to progression of CIN was demonstrated. Further, decreased T lymphocyte counts (specifically, CD4 lymphocyte counts and CD4/CD8 ratios) as well as reactivity (associated with decreased interleukin-2 production) have also been documented (Catalona et al, 1973;Nair and Pillai, 1992; see Part I). One cross-sectional study showed decreased CD4/CD8 ratios secondary to increased numbers of CD8 (suppressor/cytotoxic) cells in patients with CIN 111 (Castello et al, 1986).…”

Section: Bioimmunological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A partially testable, predictive model of psychosocial factors in the etiology of cervical cancer ii. bioimmunological, psychoneuroimmunological, and socioimmunological aspects, critique and prospective integration

et al. 1993

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This review is the companion to the foregoing paper critically reviewing research on the biological, psychological and social aspects of the etiology of cervical cancer. The immune system mediates some (but not all) of the effects of these factors. Factors with relevant immunological associations for cervical oncogenesis are examined here. A critical review of research presented in both papers is offered at the conclusion of each aspect. This is followed by a tabular summary of the immunological studies relevant to the biological, psychological and social aspects of cervical cancer. Estimated likelihoods of association for the immunological factors selected within each aspect are given based upon both the number and quality of studies conducted, and are followed by selected comments. The paper concludes with a theoretical integration of the entire model (represented in both reviews) and the promulgation of a set of integrative hypotheses across domains (including their immunological aspects) for the purpose of illustrating the potential utility of this model in addressing future research questions.

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Oncogenesis of Squamous Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

A population-based study on the risk of cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among grand multiparous women in Finland

A population-based study on the risk of cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among grand multiparous women in Finland

A Study of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Isoenzyme is a Biochemical Tumour Marker in Cervical Carcinoma Patients

A partially testable, predictive model of psychosocial factors in the etiology of cervical cancer ii. bioimmunological, psychoneuroimmunological, and socioimmunological aspects, critique and prospective integration

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