Oncologic Outcomes in Young Adults With Kidney Cancer Treated During the Targeted Therapy Era

Background There is a scarcity of studies regarding renal cell carcinoma (RCC) reported from Sub-Saharan Africa. Objective The present study is the first report evaluating the prevalence and clinical and histopathological features of RCC at a tertiary hospital in Somalia. Methods This retrospective study included 84 patients with histologically confirmed RCC over 5-years. The investigated parameters were sociodemographic features, radiological and histopathological characteristics, mortality, and overall 5-year survival rate. Results The prevalence of RCC in our study was 0.7%. The mean age of the patients was 53.74±5.5 years, 67.9% were male, and 32.1% were female, with a 2:1 male-to-female ratio. The mean tumor size was 6.38±2.4 cm. Clear cell RCC was the most common histological type in 67.8%, followed by papillary RCC (15.6%), unclassified RCC (9.5%), and chromophobe RCC was the least common in 7.1% of the cases. About one-third of the case had locally advanced RCC with positive nodal involvement, 26.2% of the patients had metastatic disease, and a further 6% progressed to metastatic cancer despite surgical resection. Eight percent of our cases returned with local recurrence. The mortality rate was 37.2%. More than eighty percent of females had a low-stage and a low-grade RCC, while males held higher stages and higher grades RCC in 37% and 63%, respectively (p<0.001). Smokers were male-only, while obesity was common in female patients (p=0.02). Conclusion The study findings showed a satisfactory outcome, 71.4% of our patients presented with localized RCC, the five-year survival rate of the patients was 62.8%, and the mortality rate was substantially higher for patients with a higher stage, a higher grade tumor, and metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis.

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“…However, an increasing incidence rate in this age group was observed in the last decades compared to older patients. 28 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and Histopathological Characteristics of Renal Cell Carcinoma in Somalia

Mohamed¹,

Abdullahi²,

Eraslan³

et al. 2022

CMAR

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“…However, the four-gene signature could not serve as an independent prognostic factor in patients with KIRC, KIRP, THCA, or READ in the current study. Regarding KIRC, KIRP, THCA, and READ, previous studies have shown that age and sex are closely associated TA B L E 7 with OS [48][49][50][51]. Except for READ patients, the four-gene signature was significantly associated with improved RFS for patients with all considered cancer types.…”

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confidence: 89%

A novel four‐gene signature predicts immunotherapy response of patients with different cancers

Liu

et al. 2022

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) drugs that target programmed cell death 1 (PD1), programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) is a promising treatment strategy that can produce a durable response, especially for patients with metastatic cancers.Nevertheless, many patients with cancer fail to respond to immunotherapy or achieve durable remission. The objective response rate of ICB is maintained at 13%-27.3% in many tumors, such as nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 1-5 urothelial carcinoma, 6 renal cell carcinoma (RCC), 7-10 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), 11 liver

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“…However, the mentioned study included only individuals aged older than 66 years; data for those aged younger than 66 years were not available. Previous studies have reported that the young age groups were at risk for increased incidence and high mortality rate of kidney cancer 20,21 . Investigation on the younger age groups to examine the association between use of SSRIs and risk of kidney cancer is warranted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have reported that the young age groups were at risk for increased incidence and high mortality rate of kidney cancer. 20,21 Investigation on the younger age groups to examine the association between use of SSRIs and risk of kidney cancer is warranted. Accordingly, to fill the aforementioned gap in the literature, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide population-based database to more comprehensively investigate the association between SSRIs and kidney cancer risk.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and kidney cancer risk: A nationwide population‐based cohort study

Lee

Huang

Chen

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) exposure and cancer incidence has been investigated; however, no epidemiological study has investigated the association between exposure to individual SSRIs and kidney cancer incidence. The aim of this study is to examine whether SSRI use affected the risk of kidney cancer. We conducted a population‐based retrospective cohort study using data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. After adjusting for sex, age, urbanization level, comorbidity and medication use through propensity score matching, we identified 222 024 SSRI users and 221 361 SSRI nonusers. A robust Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the associations between use of individual SSRIs and the risk of kidney cancer with 1‐ and 2‐year induction periods. The result showed that SSRI users tended to be associated with a lower risk of kidney cancer with a 2‐year induction period than nonusers; however, the association was not statistically significant (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR] = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.77‐1.01). We further examined the effects of individual SSRIs and observed a significantly lower risk of kidney cancer associated with the use of citalopram (aHR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.47‐0.96) and paroxetine (aHR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.58‐0.97) with the 2‐year induction period. These findings support that SSRIs are associated with decreased kidney cancer risk and indicate that citalopram and paroxetine have protective effects in depressed patients with kidney cancer.

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Oncologic Outcomes in Young Adults With Kidney Cancer Treated During the Targeted Therapy Era

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Epidemiological and Histopathological Characteristics of Renal Cell Carcinoma in Somalia

Epidemiological and Histopathological Characteristics of Renal Cell Carcinoma in Somalia

A novel four‐gene signature predicts immunotherapy response of patients with different cancers

Association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and kidney cancer risk: A nationwide population‐based cohort study

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