A family of 1D mosaic models inlaid with a slowly varying potential is proposed. Combining the asymptotic heuristic argument with the theory of trace map of transfer matrix, mobility edges (MEs), and pseudo-MEs (PMEs) in their energy spectra are solved semi-analytically, where ME separates extended states from weakly localized ones and PME separates weakly localized states from strongly localized ones. The nature of eigenstates in extended, critical, weakly localized, pseudo-critical, and strongly localized is diagnosed by the local density of states, the Lyapunov exponent, the localization tensor, and fractal dimension. Numerical calculation results are in excellent quantitative agreement with theoretical predictions.
IntroductionAnderson localization is one of the most focused phenomena in condensed matter physics. [1][2][3] In 1958, Anderson found 3D disorder electronic systems can undergo phase transitions from the metallic phase with extended states to the insulator phase with localized states. [1] There exists a critical disorder strength W c . When W > W c , all states are localized. When W < W c , extended states are in the middle of band and localized states are near band edges; in such band, there are critical energies E c , at which states being extended change to being localized. The critical energies are called mobility edges (MEs), [4,5] which are important evidences for metal-insulator transitions or localizationdelocalization transitions.According to the scaling theory, all states are localized for 1D Anderson model and there are no MEs. [6] At the same time, MEs are found in several 1D interesting models, for example, the Soukoulis-Economou model with incommensurate potentials, [7]