One Minute of Marijuana Secondhand Smoke Exposure Substantially Impairs Vascular Endothelial Function

Wang, Xiaoyin; Derakhshandeh, Ronak; Liu, Jiangtao; Narayan, Shilpa; Nabavizadeh, Pooneh; Le, Stephenie; Danforth, Olivia M.; Pinnamaneni, Kranthi; Rodriguez, Hilda J.; Luu, Emmy; Sievers, Richard E.; Schick, Suzaynn F.; Glantz, Stanton A.; Springer, Matthew L.

doi:10.1161/jaha.116.003858

Cited by 118 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Some aspects of tobacco harm might be relevant to marijuana, such as the dangers of marijuana combustion, as marijuana smoke impairs vascular function in ways similar to tobacco smoke [41]. The harms of secondhand tobacco smoke exposure has been an effective theme in tobacco prevention and control media campaigns [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived harms and benefits of tobacco, marijuana, and electronic vaporizers among young adults in Colorado: implications for health education and research

et al. 2017

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Aims To evaluate how young adults perceive and compare harms and benefits of marijuana and tobacco products in the context of a legal marijuana market in Colorado. Design Semi-structured qualitative interviews. Setting Denver, Colorado, USA. Participants Thirty-two young adults (18-26 years old) who used tobacco/marijuana/vaporizers. Measurements Semi-structured interviews addressed perceived harms and benefits of various tobacco and marijuana products and personal experiences with these products. Findings Young adults evaluated harms and benefits using five dimensions: (1) Combustion – smoking was considered more harmful than non-combustible products (e.g., e-cigarettes, vaporizers, and edibles); (2) Potency – edibles and marijuana concentrates were perceived as more harmful than smoking marijuana flower because of potential to receive too large a dose of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol); (3) Chemicals – products containing chemical additives were seen as more harmful than “pure” or “natural” plant products; (4) Addiction – participants recognized physiological addiction to nicotine, but primarily talked about psychological or lifestyle dependence on marijuana; (5) Source of knowledge – personal experiences, warning labels, campaigns, the media, and opinions of product retailers and medical practitioners affected perceptions of harms and benefits. Conclusions Among young adults in Colorado, USA, perceived harms and benefits of tobacco and marijuana include multiple dimensions. Health educational campaigns could benefit from addressing these dimensions, such as the potency of nicotine and cannabis concentrates and harmful chemicals present in the organic material of tobacco and marijuana. Descriptors such as “natural” and “pure” in the promotion or packaging of tobacco and marijuana products might be misleading.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived harms and benefits of tobacco, marijuana, and electronic vaporizers among young adults in Colorado: implications for health education and research

et al. 2017

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“…Smoking marijuana, as is the case for smoking any type of biomass, carries many of these same risks [8, 9], and recent studies confirm similar negative consequences for secondhand smoke from marijuana smoke [10]. E-cigarettes are a relatively new product, thus there is less evidence regarding possible consequences related to use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents' Perceptions of Risks and Benefits of Conventional Cigarettes, E-cigarettes, and Marijuana: A Qualitative Analysis

Roditis

Halpern‐Felsher

2015

Journal of Adolescent Health

131

105

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Purpose While rates of adolescent cigarette use have remained constant, rates of marijuana and e-cigarette use are rising. Knowledge and perceptions of risks and benefits of tobacco products impacts adolescents’ decisions to use these products. However, little is known regarding adolescents’ knowledge and perceptions of risks of e-cigarettes and marijuana nor how these perceptions are formed. This study uses qualitative techniques to assess and compare adolescents’ perceptions of the risks and benefits of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and marijuana. Methods 24 adolescents (9 females and 15 males) from Northern California participated in 6 small-groups discussions. Adolescents were asked what good or bad things might happen from using these products. To assess how perceptions and knowledge of risks and benefits were formed, participants were asked where and from whom they had learned about these products. Results Adolescents described negative consequences of cigarette use, but were much less sure regarding risks of marijuana and e-cigarette use. Conversely, they described few benefits of cigarettes but described a number of benefits of e-cigarette and marijuana use. Adolescents described learning about these products from the media, from family and friends, and from the school environment. Conclusion Adolescents have learned from multiple sources about risks of using cigarettes, but they receive much less and often incorrect information regarding marijuana and e-cigarettes, likely resulting in their positive and often ambivalent perceptions of marijuana and e-cigarettes.

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“…However, few studies have examined adolescents’ beliefs about specific risks and benefits related to marijuana and blunts, and studies have not examined relationships among adolescents’ perceptions, social acceptability, awareness of social media and actual marijuana use (Goldberg et al, 2009; LaBrie et al, 2011). Understanding these relationships is critical, especially since smoking marijuana places one at risk for a number of the same negative health outcomes and secondhand smoke effects as smoking conventional tobacco cigarettes (Wang et al, 2014). Long-term use of marijuana can lead to addiction, with initiation in adolescence associated with higher rates of addiction, negative impacts on brain development, and lower levels of school and lifetime achievement (Bray et al, 2000; Brook et al, 2013; Hall & Degenhardt, 2009; Meier et al, 2012; Volkow et al, 2014; Zalesky et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of social norms and exposure to pro-marijuana messages are associated with adolescent marijuana use

Roditis

Delucchi

Chang

et al. 2016

Preventive Medicine

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Despite consistent declines in rates of cigarette use among adolescents in the last five years, rates of marijuana use have remained constant, with marijuana being the most widely used illegal drug among adolescents. More work is needed to understand how social norms, perceived risks and benefits, and social media messaging impact use of marijuana. This study compared perceptions and social norms related to marijuana, blunts and cigarettes. Additionally, we assessed how perceptions related to social norms, risks and benefits, and exposure to pro- versus anti-marijuana messaging is related to use. Participants were 786 adolescents from Southern and Northern California (36.7% male, 63.3% females; mean age = 16.1 years; SD = 1.6). Participants came from diverse ethnic backgrounds, with 207 (26.61%) White, 171 (21.98%) Asian/Pacific Islander, 232 (29.82%) Hispanic, and 168 (21.59%) other. Results indicated that marijuana and blunts were consistently perceived as more socially acceptable and less risky than cigarettes (p<0.01). Participants who reported that their friends used marijuana had a 27% greater odds of using marijuana themselves. Further, seeing messages about the good things or benefits of marijuana use was associated with a 6% greater odds of use [OR 1.06 (CI 1.00, 1.12)]. This study's findings offer a number of important public health implications, particularly as states move towards legalization of marijuana for recreational use. As this occurs, states need to take adolescents’ perceptions of risks, benefits, social norms, and peer influences into account as they implement strategies to reduce youth use of marijuana and blunts.

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One Minute of Marijuana Secondhand Smoke Exposure Substantially Impairs Vascular Endothelial Function

Cited by 118 publications

References 44 publications

Perceived harms and benefits of tobacco, marijuana, and electronic vaporizers among young adults in Colorado: implications for health education and research

Perceived harms and benefits of tobacco, marijuana, and electronic vaporizers among young adults in Colorado: implications for health education and research

Adolescents' Perceptions of Risks and Benefits of Conventional Cigarettes, E-cigarettes, and Marijuana: A Qualitative Analysis

Perceptions of social norms and exposure to pro-marijuana messages are associated with adolescent marijuana use

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