One new kind of phytohormonal signaling integrator: Up-and-coming GASA family genes

Zhang, Shengchun; Wang, Xiaojing

doi:10.1080/15592324.2016.1226453

Cited by 47 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This function was represented by two genes upregulated in transgenic lines, homologs of AtGASA3 and AtGASA11 (Fig. a; Table S5) from the plant‐specific GASA family comprising cell wall‐localized short cysteine‐rich peptides involved in a variety of developmental and stress responses, which transduce GA and other hormonal signals via an unknown mechanism (Zhang & Wang, ). The homolog of the AtGASA3 expression profile matched that of a gene encoding a D‐type cyclin, PtCYCD1.4 , marking the meristematic activity region, whereas the homolog of AtGASA11 had an additional distinct peak in the M zone (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downregulating aspen xylan biosynthetic GT43 genes in developing wood stimulates growth via reprograming of the transcriptome

et al. 2018

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Xylan is one of the main compounds determining wood properties in hardwood species. The xylan backbone is thought to be synthesized by a synthase complex comprising two members of the GT43 family. We downregulated all GT43 genes in hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × tremuloides) to understand their involvement in xylan biosynthesis. All three clades of the GT43 family were targeted for downregulation using RNA interference individually or in different combinations, either constitutively or specifically in developing wood. Simultaneous downregulation in developing wood of the B (IRX9) and C (IRX14) clades resulted in reduced xylan Xyl content relative to reducing end sequence, supporting their role in xylan backbone biosynthesis. This was accompanied by a higher lignocellulose saccharification efficiency. Unexpectedly, GT43 suppression in developing wood led to an overall growth stimulation, xylem cell wall thinning and a shift in cellulose orientation. Transcriptome profiling of these transgenic lines indicated that cell cycling was stimulated and secondary wall biosynthesis was repressed. We suggest that the reduced xylan elongation is sensed by the cell wall integrity surveying mechanism in developing wood. Our results show that wood-specific suppression of xylan-biosynthetic GT43 genes activates signaling responses, leading to increased growth and improved lignocellulose saccharification.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downregulating aspen xylan biosynthetic GT43 genes in developing wood stimulates growth via reprograming of the transcriptome

et al. 2018

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“…GASA gene family members have different critical roles in plant growth and development by influencing plant hormone levels and signal transduction pathways [29]. The members of the same GASA gene family may have the same or reverse functions during vegetative and reproductive growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of GASA Genes during Different Stages of Seed Development in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Predict Their Involvement in Seed Development

Ahmad

Yao

Zhang

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Members of the plant-specific GASA (gibberellic acid-stimulated Arabidopsis) gene family have multiple potential roles in plant growth and development, particularly in flower induction and seed development. However, limited information is available about the functions of these genes in fruit plants, particularly in grapes. We identified 14 GASA genes in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) and performed comprehensive bioinformatics and expression analyses. In the bioinformatics analysis, the locations of genes on chromosomes, physiochemical properties of proteins, protein structure, and subcellular positions were described. We evaluated GASA proteins in terms of domain structure, exon-intron distribution, motif arrangements, promoter analysis, phylogenetic, and evolutionary history. According to the results, the GASA domain is conserved in all proteins and the proteins are divided into three well-conserved subgroups. Synteny analysis proposed that segmental and tandem duplication have played a role in the expansion of the GASA gene family in grapes, and duplicated gene pairs have negative selection pressure. Most of the proteins were predicted to be in the extracellular region, chloroplasts, and the vacuole. In silico promoter analysis suggested that the GASA genes may influence different hormone signaling pathways and stress-related mechanisms. Additionally, we performed a comparison of the expression between seedless (Thompson seedless) and seeded (Red globe) cultivars in different plant parts, including the ovule during different stages of development. Furthermore, some genes were differentially expressed in different tissues, signifying their role in grapevine growth and development. Several genes (VvGASA2 and 7) showed different expression levels in later phases of seed development in Red globe and Thompson seedless, suggesting their involvement in seed development. Our study presents the first genome-wide identification and expression profiling of grapevine GASA genes and provides the basis for functional characterization of GASA genes in grapes. We surmise that this information may provide new potential resources for the molecular breeding of grapes.

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“…LsCysRP5 was identi ed as a gibberellin-regulated protein 1-like protein; these proteins are named the GASA family in A. thaliana and Snakins in Solanum tuberosum. This class of proteins forms 5 or 6 disul de bonds that are necessary for the structure as a consequence of protein function [45]; moreover, the overexpression of Snakin protein 1 in potato enhances resistance to relevant pathogens [46]. Additionally, Snakin-2 of French bean may form a 42 kDa protein complex with a prolinerich protein and participate in the plant defense process [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First molecular insights into the infection process provoked by Neofusicoccum parvum in Liquidambar styraciflua and the identification of new cysteine-rich proteins in both organisms

Vázquez-Avendaño

Rodríguez-Haas

Velázquez-Delgado

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Neofusicoccum parvum belongs to the Botryosphaeriaceae family, which groups endophytic and latent pathogens of woody plants responsible for diseases such as cankers, dieback and blight. It is a widespread pathogen with a broad host range, including agricultural, horticultural and forestry plants; therefore, it is relevant to characterize the molecular mechanisms involved in the disease caused by this pathogen. This work reports for the first time N. parvum as a pathogen of Liquidambar styraciflua. We established an in vitro pathosystem using foliar tissue to characterize the infection process through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Because cysteine-rich proteins (CysRPs) have been studied for their important functions in plant-pathogen interactions, new CysRPs were identified for these organisms, and mRNA expression of these proteins was analyzed at early time points during the interaction.Results: After the first 24 hours post infection, the pathogen caused visible symptoms, and microscopic analysis at 16 days post infection revealed the presence of N. parvum pycnidia embedded in L. styraciflua leaf tissue. For both organisms, two databases with transcriptomic and genomic information were analyzed, and five new CysRPs were identified for each organism. The length varied between 95 and 204 amino acids, and in silico analysis revealed that all the proteins are potentially secreted. The search for conserved domains and phylogenetic analyses revealed that all the proteins are novel, including two of N. parvum that present the well-known CFEM domain. RT-qPCR analysis was conducted at 24 and 72 hours post infection, and the results showed changes in the levels of CysRP mRNAs for both the plant and the fungus at early stages during the interaction.Conclusions: N. parvum was identified for the first time as a pathogen of L. styraciflua, and this work presents an approach to comprehensively understand the molecular mechanisms involved in this interaction, highlighting the potential involvement of CysRPs of both organisms under this biotic stress.

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One new kind of phytohormonal signaling integrator: Up-and-coming GASA family genes

Cited by 47 publications

References 51 publications

Downregulating aspen xylan biosynthetic GT43 genes in developing wood stimulates growth via reprograming of the transcriptome

Downregulating aspen xylan biosynthetic GT43 genes in developing wood stimulates growth via reprograming of the transcriptome

Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of GASA Genes during Different Stages of Seed Development in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Predict Their Involvement in Seed Development

First molecular insights into the infection process provoked by Neofusicoccum parvum in Liquidambar styraciflua and the identification of new cysteine-rich proteins in both organisms

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