One-pot chemo-enzymatic conversion of D-xylose to furfuralcohol by sequential dehydration with oxalic acid plus tin-based solid acid and bioreduction with whole-cells

Sustainable Conversion of Biomass-Derived d-Xylose to Furfuryl Alcohol in a Deep Eutectic Solvent–Water System

“…During the dehydration of D-xylose into FAL, catalyst loading, dehydration temperature, and dehydration time may affect the FAL yields. 11 In the DES−water (ChCl:Gly, 7.5 vol %) system, three dehydration parameters including HCOOH dosage, dehydration temperature (160−180 °C), and dehydration time (10−50 min) were tested on the yields of FAL. Different loadings of HCOOH (0.6−12.0 wt %) had significant effects on the FAL yields in DES−water (ChCl:Gly, 7.5 vol %) (Figure 2b).…”

“…Compared to the inorganic acid catalysts (H 3 PO 4 , HCl, and H 2 SO 4 ), it has lower corrosivity. 11,12 After culminated at a certain dehydration time (10−50 min) and dehydration temperature (160−180 °C) in DES−water (ChCl:Gly, 7.5 vol %), the highest FAL yield was obtained by using the HCOOH (3.0 wt %) catalyst at 180 °C for 30 min(Figure 2c). In DES−water media, higher dehydration temperature could facilitate the formation of FAL.…”

“…8,35,36 The efficient conversion of biomass-derived Dxylose to FOL using a tandem chemoenzymatic reaction is currently an area of intense research. 11 In the DES−water system, HCOOH-mediated dehydration and recombinant E. coli CF reductase-catalyzed bioreduction were then combined to test the conversion of D-xylose to FOL in a tandem catalytic reaction manner. In an autoclave reactor containing 40 mL ChCl:Gly−water (7.5:92.5, v/v) at 180 °C, HCOOH (3.0 wt %) catalyzed 2.4 g D-xylose to give 233.0 mM FAL within 30 min.…”

“…10 Recently, various homogeneous Bronsted acids including formic acid (HCOOH), oxalic acid (HOOCCOOH), acetic acid (CH 3 COOH), H 3 PO 4 , HCl, and H 2 SO 4 have been used as catalysts for dehydration of biomass-derived D-xylose into FAL. 11 Notably, HCOOH is the simplest organic acid, which can act as a dehydration catalyst for synthesis of FAL and avoid major disadvantages of corrosive inorganic acid catalysts to a certain extent. In addition, HCOOH, which is one kind of byproduct in biomass pretreatment processes, has been proved to be an efficient catalyst for catalyzing D-xylose to FAL.…”

Recent Progresses of Superhydrophobic Coatings in Different Application Fields: An Overview

“…In the study, the WPC was used as the gel material due to the superiorities of low cost, good compatibility with building materials and high reflectivity to visible light. In the work, TiO2 powder as a solar reflective enhancement filler was used to prepared reflective coatings because of its high reflectivity to both visible and infrared light [141,142]. The existence of WPC and TiO2 powders can largely enhance the roughness of coatings and facilitate the fabrication of Although the self-healing process enhances the durability of superhydrophobic coatings, the treatment approaches, such as heating and organic solvent treatment, are hightemperature (generally under 150 • C) and not environmentally friendly, respectively.…”