One-Pot Process for the Production of Ginsenoside Rd by Coupling Enzyme-Assisted Extraction with Selective Enzymolysis

Abstract

One-pot process for the production of ginsenoside Rd by coupling enzyme-assisted extraction with selective enzymolysis was explored in this paper. Several detection methods including HPLC-MS were used to identify and quantify the products in the enzymolysis solution of pectinase. Results showed that ginsenoside Rd was the main component in enzymolysis solution, pectinase specifically hydrolyzes protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenoside and was a selective enzyme to convert ginsenoside Rb1 to Rd in a way. In addition the influencing factors on the yield of ginsenoside Rb1 and Rd were optimized using L 9 (3 4) orthogonal design data. The enzymolysis conditions for the higher yield of Rd were 52.5 °C, pH 6 and 1 h with a yield of 0.8314 from 50 mg drug material. The controllable transformation hypothesis of the PPD-type ginsenoside was also explored from the perspective of the molecular steric hindrance. Pectinase could be used as an efficient enzyme for one-pot producing ginsenoside Rd.

Synthesis of l-aspartic acid-based bimetallic hybrid nanoflowers to immobilize snailase for the production of rare ginsenoside compound K

“…The result was a higher K m value compared to the bimetallic MOF immobilised snailase. Therefore, both immobilized enzymes had a stronger affinity for the substrate, and they could reduce the optimal substrate 38 Furthermore, the large pore size of the carrier captured more substrates and facilitated the diffusion of the substrate and product molecules. 39,40 V max for immobilized enzymes showed conversely a huge decrease, which may be due to the fact that products can accumulate on the carrier surface in the internal channel, 28 and in the mask part of the active site of Sna.…”

Ginsenosides can target brain-derived neurotrophic factor to improve Parkinson's disease

“…27 In addition, the combination of enzymatic extraction and conversion was used to form ginsenoside Rd, which significantly increased the concentration of Rd. 28 Besides, the salting-out extraction system consisting of ethanol and sodium carbonate was employed in efficiently separating and purifying ginsenosides from complex samples. 29 Ginsenosides are a class of sterol compounds with tetracyclic structures and carbohydrate steroids.…”

Biotransformation, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacological Activities of Ginsenoside Rd Against Multiple Diseases

“…Ginsenoside Rd can be synthesized from ginsenoside Rb1 by the hydrolysis of glucose at C-20 ( Akter and Huq, 2018 ). The β-glucosidase produced by pectinase ( Fang et al, 2020 ), Dekkera anomala YAE-1 ( Renchinkhand et al, 2020 ), Paenibacillus sp. MBT213 ( Renchinkhand et al, 2017 ), Flavobacterium johnsoniae ( Hong et al, 2012 ), Leuconostoc mesenteroides DC102 ( Quan et al, 2011 ), and Lactobacillus brevis ( Zhong et al, 2016 ) is able to hydrolyze ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) and convert it to ginsenoside Rd during the fermentation of the ginseng.…”