Conjugated polymers composed of donor–acceptor
systems have
attracted tremendous attention because of their applicability to organic
optoelectronic devices, such as polymer solar cells, organic transistors,
and biological imaging. Particularly, their light absorption and emission
properties in the far-red (FR) to near-infrared (NIR) region are hot
topics in the recent research on the development of advanced conjugated
polymers. However, compared to electron donors, the lack of variety
of electron acceptors still hampers us from meeting various challenges,
such as low emission efficiency, low electron mobility, and low stability.
Herein, we demonstrate that a boron complex based on tropolone acts
as a strong electron acceptor in conjugated copolymers with fluorene
(FL), bithiophene (BT), and cyclopentadithiophene (CDT) comonomers,
and the synthesized polymers exhibit FR/NIR emissive properties. The
tropolonate boron complex, TpB, possesses a highly polarized
aromatic seven-membered ring and subsequently strong electron acceptability.
Importantly, theoretical calculations for the model compounds revealed
that low-lying singlet excited states with different electronic structures
should be nearly degenerate because TpB itself has several
molecular orbitals around frontier molecular orbitals in the narrow
energy range. As a result, the CDT polymer was able to exhibit the
most efficient emission in solutions among the polymers, although
it showed the longest wavelength luminescence.