One-step deposition by slot-die coating of mixed lead halide perovskite for photovoltaic applications

Abstract

T. (2017). One-step deposition by slot-die coating of mixed lead halide perovskite for photovoltaic applications. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 159,[362][363][364][365][366][367][368][369] http://dx. AbstractRecent advances in the performance and stability of lead halide perovskite solar cells announce a promising future for this technology. As the understanding of lab scale device fabrication progresses technology developments in the area of up-scaling are required to demonstrate their viability on an industrial and pre-commercial scale. These developments include replacing slow spin coated deposition techniques with continuous roll to roll compatible slot-die methods. In this work we demonstrate the suitability of a one-step slot-die coating method for the deposition of lead halide perovskite layers, in particular for infiltration into a mesoporous titania scaffold. Appropriate crystallisation dynamics of the perovskite are achieved by careful control of the substrate temperature in combination with a post-processed rapid air knife application. We show that devices fully processed in air using this method deliver a photovoltaic conversion efficiency up to 9.2% , this is comparable to those manufactured using a spin coating process.

A Generalized Crystallization Protocol for Scalable Deposition of High‐Quality Perovskite Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications

“…[5] Despite these impressive achievements, most of the reported high efficiency devices were fabricated by spin-coating which allows to prepare small-size perovskite films using small volume of solution, although most solution is wasted during spinning. To further advance the technology toward industrial aspirations, it is highly imperative to redevelop facile and robust deposition protocols that can be used for fabrication of perovskite films via scalable printing methods.Recently, several scalable deposition techniques have been developed to prepare perovskite films, such as spray-coating, [8] doctor-blading, [9][10][11][12][13][14] slot-die coating, [2,[15][16][17] and so on. To further advance the technology toward industrial aspirations, it is highly imperative to redevelop facile and robust deposition protocols that can be used for fabrication of perovskite films via scalable printing methods.…”

“…Recently, several scalable deposition techniques have been developed to prepare perovskite films, such as spray-coating, [8] doctor-blading, [9][10][11][12][13][14] slot-die coating, [2,[15][16][17] and so on. Among…”

Homogeneous and highly controlled deposition of low viscosity inks and application on fully printable perovskite solar cells

“…The results show a clear tetragonal structure (space group I4/mcm) for both perovskite films with a typical splitting of the peaks at around 28 • and 31 • seen in Figure S1 [26]. The 14.2 • peak can be used to monitor the MAPI phase, whereas the 12.7 • peak refers to the PbI 2 phase [20,26]. A more intense PbI 2 peak can be observed in drop samples compared to RbM.…”

“…The active area was defined through an aperture mask with an area of 9 mm 2 . Stability tests were performed under continuous irradiation from white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in ambient condition (18)(19)(20)(21)(22) • C, around 50% relative humidity) at both 1 and 0.5 equivalent sun recording a complete JV curve every 15 min in the first 5 h and every 1 h for the remainder of the test. External quantum efficiency (EQE) measurements were carried out using a QE X10 system (PV Measurements) in the wavelength range between 300 and 850 nm in direct current (DC) mode with a light spot of less than 10 mm 2 .…”

“…Small devices (up to 1 cm 2 ) can be easily prepared by this drop deposition method but large area devices, in particular both parallel and series connected modules [19,20], require both patterning and increased uniformity of layers which is more challenging using a manual approach. In fact, the drop method can result in uncontrolled and non-uniform perovskite infiltration.…”