“…However, a larger amount of dispersant is used in the water base because the dispersion of disperse dye is poor in water [1,2]. As a result, disperse dyeing in aqueous solutions brings about problems such as the assumption of a large amount of water and hazardous industrial effluents, leading to large energy and environmental challenges [3,4,5,6,7]. Therefore, much research is focused on non-aqueous systems for dyeing PET with disperse dye, such as the liquid paraffin dyeing system [8,9], supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing system [10,11,12], and organic solvent dyeing system [13,14,15].…”