One-Step Photochemical Immobilization of Aptamer on Graphene for Label-Free Detection of NT-proBNP

Abstract

A novel photochemical technological route for one-step functionalization of a graphene surface with an azide-modified DNA aptamer for biomarkers is developed. The methodology is demonstrated for the functionalization of a DNA aptamer for an N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) heart failure biomarker on the surface of a graphene channel within a system based on a liquid-gated graphene field effect transistor (GFET). The limit of detection (LOD) of the aptamer-functionalized sensor is 0.01 pg/mL with short response time (75 s) for clinically relevant concentrations of the cardiac biomarker, which could be of relevance for point-of-care (POC) applications. The novel methodology could be applicable for the development of different graphene-based biosensors for fast, stable, real-time, and highly sensitive detection of disease markers.

Smartphone-Interfaced Electrochemical Biosensor for microRNA Detection Based on Laser-Induced Graphene with π–π Stacked Peptide Nucleic Acid Probes

“…While the bare LIG exhibited an average surface roughness of 118 nm (Figure C), the Py-PNA-functionalized LIG exhibited a lower surface roughness of 86.5 nm (Figure D). This reduction in surface roughness after functionalization was attributed to the successful functionalization of the Py-PNA on the graphene surface, which is in good agreement with previous reports. , …”

Super-Enhancers and Their Parts: From Prediction Efforts to Pathognomonic Status

“…Focusing on future research directions for SE investigation, there is a promising horizon where breakthroughs and evolving technologies could significantly enhance our grasp of SE complexities. Key areas of interest could include delving into the molecular bases of diseases, particularly cancer [ 283 , 284 , 285 , 286 , 287 ], probing molecular interactions with state-of-the-art optical methods [ 288 , 289 , 290 , 291 ], leveraging magnetic nanotags for the ultraprecise detection of biomolecules [ 292 , 293 , 294 , 295 , 296 , 297 , 298 , 299 ], applying advanced label-free biosensors [ 300 , 301 , 302 , 303 , 304 ], and utilizing cloud computing to analyse genome-wide data comprehensively [ 305 , 306 ]. These avenues not only promise to deepen our understanding of SE but also potentially redefine its conceptual framework.…”

Experimental Validation and Prediction of Super-Enhancers: Advances and Challenges

“…At the same time, according to some data, there is reason to believe that super-enhancers can be much more ancient, if compared exempli gratia with stress response proteins in multicellular organisms. It should be noted that advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms of diseases (particularly oncological diseases [ 217 , 218 , 219 , 220 ]) as well as the study of intermolecular interactions through high-performance optical methods [ 221 , 222 , 223 ], the ultrasensitive determination of biomolecules using magnetic nanomarkers [ 224 , 225 , 226 , 227 ] or label-free biosensors [ 228 , 229 , 230 ], and the processing of genome-wide data through high-performance methods such as cloud computing [ 231 , 232 ] may provide new opportunities for comprehending the role of SEs, potentially leading to the revision of their definition.…”