One-Step Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil Catalysed by So&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;H-Functionalized Quaternary Ammonium Ionic Liquid

Qi, Jing-Juan; Lin, Jinqing; Fu, Hongquan

doi:10.18520/cs/v110/i11/2129-2134

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The result illustrates that the optimal molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid in this heterogeneous reaction was greater than that in the homogeneous reaction with acid ionic liquid as the catalyst which might be that it was a heterogeneous reaction. However, it is interesting to note that the yield of biodiesel did not decrease with a further increase in the molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid, which was different from that in the homogeneous reaction system where the yield decreased when the molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid was greater than a certain value [26]. This means that excess methanol does not reduce the concentration of the catalyst in such a heterogeneous reaction system.…”

Section: Influence Of Esterification Parameters On the Biodiesel Yielmentioning

confidence: 87%

Preparation of Chloromethylated Pitch–Based Hyper–Crosslinked Polymers and An Immobilized Acidic Ionic Liquid as A Catalyst for the Synthesis of Biodiesel

et al. 2019

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Hyper-crosslinking polymers and its immobilized acid ionic liquid catalyst were prepared using cheap pitch, as a monomer, through hyper-crosslinking reactions and allyl chloride, as a chlorine source, for chloromethylation and further grafting with imidazole and functionalizing with sulfonic acid. The polymers were characterized by FE-SEM, FTIR, TG, and nitrogen sorption. The grafting ratios of the chloromethylated pitch-based hyper-crosslinked polymer (HCPpitch–CH2–Cl) and immobilized acid ionic liquid [HCPpitch–Im–Pros][Tos] were 3.5 mmol/g and 3.0 mmol/g, and the BET specific surface areas were 520 m2/g and 380 m2/g, respectively. This strategy provides an easy approach to preparing highly stable and acid functionalized mesoporous catalysts. The immobilized acidic ionic liquid was used as a catalyst for the esterification of oleic acid and methanol to synthesize biodiesel. The results demonstrated that under the optimal conditions of an alcohol to acid molar ratio of 7:1, ionic liquid to oleic acid molar ratio of 0.12, and a reaction time of 3 h at atmospheric pressure, the yield of methyl oleate can reach up to 93%. Moreover, the catalyst was reused five times without the yield decreasing significantly. This study shows that [HCPpitch–Im–Pros][Tos] is a robust catalyst for the synthesis of biodiesel.

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Section: Influence Of Esterification Parameters On the Biodiesel Yielmentioning

confidence: 87%

Preparation of Chloromethylated Pitch–Based Hyper–Crosslinked Polymers and An Immobilized Acidic Ionic Liquid as A Catalyst for the Synthesis of Biodiesel

et al. 2019

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“…When using waste cooking oil as feedstock, a higher methanol-tooil molar ratio of 16:1 mol/mol decreased the yield of FAME, probably because of a reduced catalyst concentration in the reacting mixture. Thus, the optimal molar ratio was 10:1 mol/mol [65]. In other cases, the optimal alcohol-to-oil molar ratio has been reported to be 9:1 mol/mol that yielded ~94% of methyl esters [23].…”

Section: Effect Of Methanol-to-oil Molar Ratiomentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Nevertheless, methanol in excess increases the cost of biodiesel production, and therefore its recovery is one of the options used to improve the economy of the process. Some reports have studied the effect of methanol-to-oil molar ratio on FAME yield and have found an increase in the yield of methyl esters from 86 to 95% when increasing the molar ratio from 6:1 to 10:1 mol/mol [65]. When using waste cooking oil as feedstock, a higher methanol-tooil molar ratio of 16:1 mol/mol decreased the yield of FAME, probably because of a reduced catalyst concentration in the reacting mixture.…”

Section: Effect Of Methanol-to-oil Molar Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production

Trejo-Zárraga¹,

Hernández-Loyo²,

Chavarría-Hernández³

et al. 2018

Biofuels - State of Development

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Biodiesel is a renewable fuel mainly produced by transesterification of oils and fats that can be used as a transportation fuel, solvent and for energy generation with the potential to reduce the emissions of CO 2 , SO 2 , CO and HC, compared to fossil fuels. In this work, the kinetic behavior of triglycerides by different transesterification technologies is investigated through a critical review of the kinetic models reported in the study with the aim to establish a trend of the reaction mechanisms and the main variable effects and to further optimize the chemical process. The study of the transesterification reaction kinetics is performed for every type of transesterification, that is, homogeneous, heterogeneous, enzymatic and supercritical. The kinetic models are thus reviewed by describing the way they have evolved and how they can be used for process simulation and optimization. This chapter is divided in a study of the state of the art, an analysis and synthesis of research results, and an application for further optimization of the biodiesel production process.

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“…Because of their excellent thermal stability, negligible volatility, and tunable acidity, acidic ionic liquids (ILs) have been utilized as environmental friendly reagents for organic reactions [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. However, ILs have been proved to have some disadvantages, including poor reusability, high viscosity, and large amount requirement for the reaction [18][19][20]. Heterogeneous polymer-supported catalysts had been developed to solve these problems because of their environmentally friendly characteristics, such as excellent chemical stability, efficient recover ability, and recyclability [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Process Variables in the Synthesis of Tributyl Citrate Using a Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone-Supported Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyst

Wang

et al. 2018

International Journal of Polymer Science

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A polyvinylpolypyrrolidone-(PVPP-) supported Brønsted acidic ionic liquid catalyst ([BsPVPP]HSO 4 ) was synthesized by the reaction between SO 3 H-functionalized PVPP and H 2 SO 4 . The prepared catalyst was characterized by IR, XRD, FESEM, TG, and DSC. The catalytic activity of [BsPVPP]HSO 4 in the preparation of tributyl citrate (TBC) by the esterification reaction between citric acid and n-butanol was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the process variables of the esterification reaction. The variables, including the reaction time, the n-butanol-to-citric acid mole ratio, the reaction temperature, and the catalyst amount, were optimized by a Box-Behnken design. Under optimized conditions, with a n-butanolto-citric acid mole ratio of 5.2 : 1 and a reaction temperature of 120°C, the TBC yield reached 92.9% within 5.5 h in the presence of 6.6 wt% of catalyst; this result is in good agreement with the values predicted by the mathematical model. Moreover, the catalyst could be recycled four times with high catalytic activity.

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One-Step Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil Catalysed by So<sub>3</sub>H-Functionalized Quaternary Ammonium Ionic Liquid

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Preparation of Chloromethylated Pitch–Based Hyper–Crosslinked Polymers and An Immobilized Acidic Ionic Liquid as A Catalyst for the Synthesis of Biodiesel

Preparation of Chloromethylated Pitch–Based Hyper–Crosslinked Polymers and An Immobilized Acidic Ionic Liquid as A Catalyst for the Synthesis of Biodiesel

Kinetics of Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production

Optimization of Process Variables in the Synthesis of Tributyl Citrate Using a Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone-Supported Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyst

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