“…In current literature, data is produced based on real-life characteristics of load units, wagons and configurations in Italy Siri, 2014, 2015;Ambrosino et al, 2011Ambrosino et al, , 2013Ambrosino et al, , 2016Anghinolfi and Paolucci, 2014;, Germany (Bruns and Knust, 2012;Bruns et al, 2014), Australia (Corry and Kozan, 2004, 2006a,b, 2008 and the United States (Feo and González-Velarde, 1995;Upadhyay et al, 2017;Mantovani et al, 2018). As no benchmark instances are publicly available, input data is generated based on historical information about load units transported from Belgium to two locations in Northern Italy by the considered company.…”