Runninghead: Involvement of prostaglandin E2 in interstitial cystitisKey words: bladder pain syndrome, interstitial cystitis, prostaglandin E2
ABSTRACT (250 words)Purpose: To examine the precise role of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and E-series prostaglandin (EP) receptor in the pathophysiology of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS).
Materials and Methods:Twenty female patients with IC/BPS (11 ulcer-type and 9 non ulcer-type), 9 female controls with other urological diseases who needed cystoscopic procedure, and 10 normal female volunteers were enrolled. O'Leary-Sant Score (OSS) for symptoms and problems and voluntary urine for PGE2 analysis were obtained from all objectives. Under anesthesia, the bladder was distended by saline in a stepwise fashion (from 100 ml to maximum capacity) in patients with IC/BPS, and the infused saline was retrieved each time for PGE2 analysis. We also measured PGE2 and expression of EP receptors mRNA in bladder biopsy tissue in patients with IC/BPS.Results: Symptoms and problems index in patients with ulcer-type was significantly higher than those with non ulcer-type. Urinary PGE2 in patients with ulcer-type was significantly higher than those with non ulcer-type and normal volunteers. PGE2 level in retrieved saline in patients with ulcer-type increased depending on infusion volume, but not in those with non ulcer-type. PGE2 content in bladder biopsy tissue was significantly higher in patients with ulcer-type than controls. In patients with ulcer-type, expression of EP1 and EP2 mRNA was significantly higher than controls.
Conclusions:Overproduction of PGE2 in the bladder seems to play a pathophysiological role in patients with ulcer-type IC/BPS via EP1 and EP2 receptors. Localized blockade of the action of PGE2 may lead to relieving symptoms in patients with ulcer-type IC/BPS.
TEXTInterstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), non-specific inflammatory disease of the bladder, presents with a constellation of symptoms including urinary frequency, urgency and bladder pain. IC/BPS has 2 distinct subtypes based on cystoscopic evaluation. One is ulcer-type and another is non ulcer-type. In patients with IC/BPS and controls, samples were taken by cystoscopic procedure under general or spinal anesthesia. In patients with IC/BPS, the bladder was distended in a stepwise fashion with a drip infusion of saline. Saline bottles were placed at 80cm height from the symphysis pubis. First, cystoscope was inserted and the bladder was emptied. Then 100ml of saline was infused into the bladder as first step and maintained for 5 minutes. All of the infused saline was retrieved and sampled. Next, 200ml of saline was infused, maintained for 5 minutes, retrieved and sampled as second step. Third step and final step were similarly performed after 300ml saline infusion and maximum bladder capacity. Maximum bladder capacity was defined as bladder capacity at the time when saline infusion stopped after reaching 80cmH2O. In control patients, infused saline only at first step (100ml infusi...