Onset of convective burning in picric acid

Khrapovskii, V. E.; Сулимов, А. А.

doi:10.1007/bf00755951

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The stages of the mechanism bear similarities to other mechanisms that have been proposed for tetryl, 11 picric acid, [14][15][16] and some propellants, 12,13 but the combination that has been found in PETN in this study is new. The stages in the mechanism are a conductive burn which rapidly becomes a convective burn.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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A new mechanism for deflagration-to-detonation in porous granular explosives

Gifford¹,

Luebcke²,

Field³

1999

Journal of Applied Physics

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…[14][15][16] This mechanism has been shown to occur in these materials when they are in a high porosity charge composed of small particles. Described as a type II transition the principle feature of this process is a double wave structure in which the leading convective wave is followed by a high velocity post- convective wave.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A new mechanism for deflagration-to-detonation in porous granular explosives

Gifford¹,

Luebcke²,

Field³

1999

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…However, if the density and particle size of some high explosive powders are below certain critical values, an alternative mechanism comes into play where a burning channel forms along the entire length of the column. 126,[139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148] Rapid reaction then begins at a random location in this channel and proceeds in both directions. 126 Note that both these sets of experiments were conducted on relatively novel ultrafine powders of PETN.…”

Section: Ddt and Sdt Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal sensitivities of energetic materials

Walley¹,

Field²,

Greenaway³

2006

Materials Science and Technology

119

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Organic and inorganic explosives were first developed and put into service in the 19th century, before there was much understanding of how the energy release mechanisms differed from those of the long established gunpowder. Theoretical advances in the understanding of shock waves combined with improvements in photographic and electronic techniques led to the hypothesis that a detonation is a shock wave maintained by the rapid release of chemical energy. Studies of accidental ignitions/initiations showed that explosive events can occur even when the energy input is much less than that required to heat the bulk explosive to the deflagration temperature. Hence, the highly fruitful idea of the localised hot spot was conceived. Apart from electrical stimuli, the main hot spot mechanisms are currently accepted as being adiabatic asymmetric collapse of gas spaces (producing gas heating, jetting, viscoplastic work) and the rubbing together of surfaces as in friction or adiabatic shear. Initiation mechanisms are also connected with the anisotropy of plasticity and fracture in explosive crystals. Decomposition of molecules can take place as they are forced past each other in a deforming crystal. There is, however, still much to discover about reaction pathways. Novel optical and electron microscopy techniques have given a great deal of new and precise information about displacements and failure mechanisms when explosive crystals are bonded together using polymers. The deflagration-detonation transition (DDT) has been extensively studied in model one-and two-dimensional systems.

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The Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition

McAfee

2009

Non-Shock Initiation of Explosives

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Onset of convective burning in picric acid

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

A new mechanism for deflagration-to-detonation in porous granular explosives

A new mechanism for deflagration-to-detonation in porous granular explosives

Crystal sensitivities of energetic materials

The Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition

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