Ontogenetic changes in the venom of Metlapilcoatlus nummifer, the mexican jumping viper

García-Osorio, Belem; Lomonte, Bruno; Bénard-Valle, Melisa; León, Jorge; Román-Domínguez, Luis; Mejía‐Domínguez, Nancy R.; Lara-Hernández, Felipe A.; Alagón, Alejandro; Neri-Castro, Édgar

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.06.023

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In another example, neonates of the Mexican jumping viper, Metapilcoatlus sp., have been reported to lack PLA2s but in contrast the adults have large quantities of the enzyme. But the venom of both the neonates and the adults was found to be haemorrhagic [55].…”

Section: Phospholipasesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Snake Venom

Rani¹,

McConnell²

2022

Snake Venom and Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Venomous snakes belonging to the family Viperidae, Elapidae, Colubridae and Hydrophidae, produces snake venom in order to facilitate immobilization and digestion of prey, act as defense mechanism against threats. Venom contains zootoxins which is a highly modified saliva that is either injected via fangs during a bite or spitted. The modified parotid gland, encapsulated in a muscular sheath, present on each side of the head, below and behind the eye, have large alveoli which temporarily stores the secreted venom and later conveyed by a duct to tubular fangs through which venom is injected. Venoms are complex mixtures of more than 20 different compounds, mostly proteins and polypeptides, including proteins, enzymes and substances with lethal toxicity which are either neurotoxic or haemotoxic in action and exert effects on nervous/muscular impulses and blood components. Lots of research are directed to use venoms as important pharmacological molecules for treating various diseases like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease etc.

show abstract

Section: Phospholipasesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Snake Venom

Rani¹,

McConnell²

2022

Snake Venom and Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Específicamente en las serpientes de cascabel norteamericanas, en las que se incluyen las mexicanas, las familias proteicas más comúnmente reportadas en los venenos de las serpientes del género Crotalus son las PLA2s, las SVSPs y las SVMPs tipo III, mientras que las familias proteicas más comunes en las serpientes del género Sistrurus fueron BPPs, CRISPs, DIS y las SVMPs tipo I y III (Deshwal et al, 2020), en el resto de los géneros no hay suficiente información, en los pocos estudios se mantienen como principales familias a las PLA2s, las SVSPs y las SVMPs Neri-Castro et al, 2019b;García-Osorio et al, 2020). Sin embargo, es importante destacar que, en muchos estudios, las investigaciones se centran en caracterizar específicamente ciertas familias proteicas y son éstas las que finalmente se reportan, lo que no necesariamente significa que sean los únicos componentes en los venenos.…”

Section: Venenos De Vipéridosunclassified

Serpientes Venenosas en México: Una Revisión Al Estudio De Los Venenos, Los Antivenenos Y La Epidemiología

Castro

Bénard-Valle²,

Alagón³

et al. 2020

Rev Latin Herp

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

El estudio de los venenos de serpientes mexicanas ha retomado importancia en los últimos cinco años. Se han caracterizado un número importante de venenos, que incluyen estudios sobre la variación intraespecífica de las especies de mayor importancia médica. Sin embargo, hay una enorme falta de reportes de casos clínicos y estudios sobre la potencia neutralizante de los antivenenos hacia el veneno de las especies mexicanas. En el presente trabajo se realizó una revisión sobre los estudios de los venenos de especies mexicanas, además, se presenta una recopilación de la epidemiología de los accidentes ofídicos que ocurren en el país. Es necesario realizar este tipo de revisiones ya que hacen notar la poca información que se tiene en el país, aunque éste tiene el mayor número de especies de serpientes venenosas en el continente americano.

show abstract

“…Due to the cryptic nature of these species, very little is known about their natural history, including diet and the functional aspects of their venom. Much of what is known of the venom consists of proteomics investigations, which have revealed that venom composition between species is relatively similar and is typically dominated by metalloproteinases (SVMP), kallikrein-type serine proteases (SVSP), and phospholipases A 2 (PLA2s) [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. However, as these toxin types are multifunctional, such proteomic venom-composition studies do not shed light upon venom activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, these studies have not elucidated the biochemical mechanisms leading to the net anticoagulant state. Similarly, work showing that Metlapilcoatlus venom has a clotting action on plasma does not distinguish between true procoagulant activity (characterized by the activation of endogenous clotting factors leading to well-ordered fibrin clot) and pseudo-procoagulant/”thrombin-like” activity (direct action on fibrin leading to weak, transient fibrin clots) [ 16 , 18 ]. Consequently, the lack of research regarding the functional effects of venom not only limits the evolutionary understanding of the selection pressures acting on these species but also presents a significant knowledge gap in the effective clinical management of snakebite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the high diversity of species within the region, the degree of cross-reactivity can indicate the efficacy of the antivenom as a successful treatment between species, which is particularly important when the offending snake has not been identified beyond being a viperid species. While limited in scope, prior research into cross-reactivity has yielded positive results, showing strong ability to neutralize venom effects of Central American species A. picadoi , C. sasai , M. mexicanus , P. nasutum , and P. ophryomegas [ 17 , 18 , 22 , 23 ], while reports in Mexico have indicated that the two Mexican antivenoms are not effective in neutralizing the lethality of the juvenile and adult venoms of M. nummifer (>24.6 and 33.3 mgAV/mgV) [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential Antivenom and Small-Molecule Inhibition of Novel Coagulotoxic Variations in Atropoides, Cerrophidion, Metlapilcoatlus, and Porthidium American Viperid Snake Venoms

Jones

Youngman

Neri-Castro

et al. 2022

Toxins

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Within Neotropical pit-vipers, the Mexican/Central-American clade consisting of Atropoides, Cerrophidion, Metlapilcoatlus, and Porthidium is a wide-ranging, morphologically and ecologically diverse group of snakes. Despite their prevalence, little is known of the functional aspects of their venoms. This study aimed to fill the knowledge gap regarding coagulotoxic effects and to examine the potential of different therapeutic approaches. As a general trait, the venoms were shown to be anticoagulant but were underpinned by diverse biochemical actions. Pseudo-procoagulant activity (i.e., thrombin-like), characterized by the direct cleavage of fibrinogen to form weak fibrin clots, was evident for Atropoides picadoi, Cerrophidiontzotzilorum, Metlapilcoatlus mexicanus, M. nummifer, M. occiduus, M. olmec, and Porthidium porrasi. In contrast, other venoms cleaved fibrinogen in a destructive (non-clotting) manner, with C. godmani and C. wilsoni being the most potent. In addition to actions on fibrinogen, clotting enzymes were also inhibited. FXa was only weakly inhibited by most species, but Cerrophidion godmani and C. wilsoni were extremely strong in their inhibitory action. Other clotting enzymes were more widely inhibited by diverse species spanning the full taxonomical range, but in each case, there were species that had these traits notably amplified relatively to the others. C. godmani and C. wilsoni were the most potent amongst those that inhibited the formation of the prothrombinase complex and were also amongst the most potent inhibitors of Factor XIa. While most species displayed only low levels of thrombin inhibition, Porthidium dunni potently inhibited this clotting factor. The regional polyvalent antivenom produced by Instituto Picado Clodomiro was tested and was shown to be effective against the diverse anticoagulant pathophysiological effects. In contrast to the anticoagulant activities of the other species, Porthidium volcanicum was uniquely procoagulant through the activation of Factor VII and Factor XII. This viperid species is the first snake outside of the Oxyuranus/Pseudonaja elapid snake clade to be shown to activate FVII and the first snake venom of any kind to activate FXII. Interestingly, while small-molecule metalloprotease inhibitors prinomastat and marimastat demonstrated the ability to prevent the procoagulant toxicity of P. volcanicum, neither ICP antivenom nor inhibitor DMPS showed this effect. The extreme variation among the snakes here studied underscores how venom is a dynamic trait and how this can shape clinical outcomes and influence evolving treatment strategies.

show abstract

Ontogenetic changes in the venom of Metlapilcoatlus nummifer, the mexican jumping viper

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

Snake Venom

Snake Venom

Serpientes Venenosas en México: Una Revisión Al Estudio De Los Venenos, Los Antivenenos Y La Epidemiología

Differential Antivenom and Small-Molecule Inhibition of Novel Coagulotoxic Variations in Atropoides, Cerrophidion, Metlapilcoatlus, and Porthidium American Viperid Snake Venoms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About