Ontogeny of Mucosal Immunity and Aging

Cripps, Allan W.; Gleeson, Maree

doi:10.1016/b978-012491543-5/50020-6

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…While the serum IgA levels are raising gradually after birth, reaching adult levels at the time of puberty, the SIgA levels in mucosal secretions are rising quickly after birth, reaching adult levels during first few weeks of life [26]. During these few weeks the secretory antibodies from the colostrum represent an important means of protection against infection [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Colostrum of Healthy Mothers Contains Broad Spectrum of Secretory IgA Autoantibodies

et al. 2012

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The median (range) age of the donors was 31 (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37) years. There were one inclusion criterion, willingness to participate, and one exclusion criterion, presence of diagnosed autoimmunity.…”

Section: Samples Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colostrum of Healthy Mothers Contains Broad Spectrum of Secretory IgA Autoantibodies

et al. 2012

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“…These results agree with those found during the first stages of human postnatal life, when intestinal IgM-SC are more abundant than IgA-SC (16,17), and with those found at 12 wk, when IgA-SC predominate in intestinal LP (3,18 -20). IgM can be secreted to the intestinal lumen, like IgA (17,21). Thus, in LP at early stages of development, IgM-SC may be a key component of the mucosal barrier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Immunoglobulin Secretion and Lymphocyte Phenotype in Rat Small Intestine Lamina Propria

et al. 2005

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We characterized the lymphocyte phenotype and the ability to produce Ig by lamina propria (LP) cells from rat ileum throughout the suckling period. In the first week after birth, Ͻ10% of LP lymphocytes were B cells, but at weaning, this figure rose to Ͼ30% as found in the adult. These B cells did not bear surface IgA (sIgAϪ). However, the number of sIgAϩ, which may correspond to B blast cells because they were outside lymphocyte cytometer gate, increased. In LP, IgM-secreting cells (SC) appeared during the second week of life, and IgA-SC were detected later but at a lower number. Regarding LP T cells, CD8ϩ cells were more abundant than CD4ϩ cells along the first 2 postnatal weeks, and CD3ϩCD8␣␣ϩTCR␣␤ϩCD5-CD25Ϫ was their predominating phenotype. In this 2-wk period, between 8 and 20% of LP were natural killer cells. LP CD4ϩ lymphocytes in neonatal rats showed increasing co-expression of TCR␣␤, whereas the co-expression of CD90 decreased and the CD4ϩCD25ϩ cell percentage did not achieve adult values. In conclusion, in the first 2 wk of the rat life, the gut LP immune system shows abundant CD8␣␣ϩ cells, including NK cells. Thereafter, LP B cells increase dramatically and Ig-SC appear, with IgM-SC being more abundant than IgA-SC. CD4ϩ LP lymphocytes acquire a mature phenotype and adult proportions later after weaning. The mucosal surface of the small intestine is constantly exposed to a large variety of foreign antigenic materials, such as dietary macromolecules, food proteins, and autochthonous microbiota, with the resulting antigenic stimulation (1). The intestinal mucosa contains gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), the largest immunologic tissue in the body, which deals with these luminal antigens. Anatomically, GALT consists of organized lymphoid structures and diffuse populations of cells. Organized GALT comprises Peyer's patches, isolated follicles, and mesenteric lymph nodes. Diffuse GALT consists of two distinct populations above and below the basement membrane: the intraepithelial lymphocytes and lamina propria (LP) mononuclear cells, including lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL). Both diffuse compartments contain mature effector T lymphocytes, and the LP compartment also contains Igproducing plasma cells (2). The intestinal immune response is primarily characterized by the production of secretory IgA by plasma cells, which predominate in human intestinal LP and represent~80% of all Ig-producing cells in the body (3,4).In humans, LP contains T CD4ϩ and T CD8ϩ lymphocytes in a similar proportion to peripheral blood, and Ͼ95% of LP T cells express the antigenic receptor ␣␤ (2,5). LP CD8ϩ T cells account for 30 -40% of LP T cells, which include cytolytic effector cells (6). Both CD4ϩ and CD8ϩ LPL express CD25 to a similar extent, with total CD25ϩ cells amounting to~15% of human intestinal LPL (5). Moreover, human LP T cells are similar to memory cells in that they have low percentages of CD45RAϩ and high percentages of CD45ROϩ and CD58ϩ cells (5). B cells in human LP are represented by a small population of sc...

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“…Thus, immunity would be stimulated at the sites where most pathogens initially infect the host and this has the potential for improved vaccine efficacy. Induction of mucosal immunity might be particularly advantageous in the very young and the elderly, since mucosal immunity seems to develop earlier than systemic immunity and does not appear to be subject to age-associated immune dysfunction [66].…”

Section: Mucosal Adjuvantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial ghosts as adjuvant particles

Riedmann

Kyd

Cripps

et al. 2007

Expert Review of Vaccines

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The development of more advanced and effective vaccines is of great interest in modern medicine. These new-generation vaccines, based on recombinant proteins or DNA, are often less reactogenic and immunogenic than traditional vaccines. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of new and improved adjuvants. Besides many other immunostimulatory components, the bacterial ghost (BG) system is currently under investigation as a potent vaccine delivery system with intrinsic adjuvant properties. BGs are nonliving cell envelope preparations from Gram-negative cells, devoid of cytoplasmic contents, while their cellular morphology and native surface antigenic structures remain preserved. Owing to the particulate nature of BGs and the fact that they contain many well known immune-stimulating compounds, BGs have the potential to enhance immune responses against ghost-delivered target antigens.

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Ontogeny of Mucosal Immunity and Aging

Cited by 10 publications

References 121 publications

Colostrum of Healthy Mothers Contains Broad Spectrum of Secretory IgA Autoantibodies

Colostrum of Healthy Mothers Contains Broad Spectrum of Secretory IgA Autoantibodies

Neonatal Immunoglobulin Secretion and Lymphocyte Phenotype in Rat Small Intestine Lamina Propria

Bacterial ghosts as adjuvant particles

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