Ontogeny of sex differences in open-field ambulation in the rat

Slob, A. Koos; Huizer, Tom; Bosch, J. J. van der Werff ten

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(86)90239-8

Cited by 56 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Masur et al, 1980; Slob et al, 1986; Valles, 1976), but not the Soy group, with females more active and less anxious than males. Given those sex differences, plus a main effect of sex for time in the perimeter (F(1,129) = 10.65; P ≤ 0.009; η 2 =0.07), all OF data were further analyzed within sex.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Interaction of bisphenol A (BPA) and soy phytoestrogens on sexually dimorphic sociosexual behaviors in male and female rats

Hicks

Sullivan

Cao

et al. 2016

Hormones and Behavior

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Concerns have been raised regarding the potential for endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) to alter brain development and behavior. Developmental exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), a ubiquitous EDC, has been linked to altered sociosexual and mood-related behaviors in various animal models and children but effects are inconsistent across laboratories and animal models creating confusion about potential risk in humans. Exposure to endocrine active diets, such as soy, which is rich in phytoestrogens, may contribute to this variability. Here, we tested the individual and combined effects of low dose oral BPA and soy diet or the individual isoflavone genistein (GEN; administered as the aglycone genistin (GIN)) on rat sociosexual behaviors with the hypothesis that soy would obfuscate any BPA-related effects. Social and activity levels were unchanged by developmental exposure to BPA but soy diet had sex specific effects including suppressed novelty preference, and open field exploration in females. The data presented here reinforce that environmental factors, including anthropogenic chemical exposure and hormone active diets, can shape complex behaviors and even reverse expected sex differences.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Interaction of bisphenol A (BPA) and soy phytoestrogens on sexually dimorphic sociosexual behaviors in male and female rats

Hicks

Sullivan

Cao

et al. 2016

Hormones and Behavior

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“…Specifically, D2 High receptors did not vary according to sex (see also McDougall et al 2014b), nor did the basal locomotor activity of male and female rats differ at any of the ages tested. The absence of sex differences involving basal locomotor activity has often been reported with preweanling (Frantz et al 1996; Sobrian et al 2003), adolescent (Slob et al 1986; Brown et al 2012), and adult rats (Schindler and Carmona 2002; Festa et al 2004). Even so, adolescent and adult female rats will occasionally show more basal locomotor activity than males (Slob et al 1986; Parylak et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absence of sex differences involving basal locomotor activity has often been reported with preweanling (Frantz et al 1996; Sobrian et al 2003), adolescent (Slob et al 1986; Brown et al 2012), and adult rats (Schindler and Carmona 2002; Festa et al 2004). Even so, adolescent and adult female rats will occasionally show more basal locomotor activity than males (Slob et al 1986; Parylak et al 2008). Among preweanling and adolescent rats, the sex variable did not influence cocaine-induced locomotor activity (see also Snyder et al 1998; Kozanian et al 2012); however, adult female rats injected with 10 or 20 mg/kg cocaine did show more locomotor activity than similarly-treated adult males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-dependent changes in cocaine sensitivity across early ontogeny in male and female rats: possible role of dorsal striatal D2High receptors

et al. 2015

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Rationale Responsiveness to acute psychostimulant administration varies across ontogeny. Objective The purpose of the present study was to determine if age-dependent changes in D2High receptors may be responsible for the ontogeny of cocaine sensitivity in preweanling, adolescent, and adult rats. Methods [3H]-Domperidone/dopamine competition assays were used to determine ontogenetic changes in the proportion of D2High receptors in male and female preweanling [postnatal day (PD) 5, 10, 15, and 20], adolescent (PD 40), and adult rats (PD 80). In the behavioral experiment, responsiveness to cocaine (2.5, 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg) was assessed on PD 20, PD 40, and PD 80 for 60 min. Male and female rats were habituated to the apparatus on the two days prior to testing. Distance traveled data were presented both untransformed and as percent of saline controls. Results Male and female preweanling rats (PD 5–PD 20) had a significantly greater percentage of dorsal striatal D2High receptors than adolescent or adult rats. Likewise, preweanling rats (PD 20) were more sensitive to the behavioral effects of cocaine than the two older age groups. Adolescent and adult rats responded in a generally similar manner, however analysis of the untransformed locomotor activity data suggested that adolescent rats were hyporesponsive to 2.5 and 20 mg/kg cocaine when compared to adults. Conclusions Data from the present study are consistent with the hypothesis that ontogenetic changes in D2High receptors are responsible for age-dependent differences in psychostimulant sensitivity.

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“…Several possible explanations have empirical support. Females, who consistently have higher baseline locomotor activity [23,52], may take longer to habituate to the novel environment and/or may be more inclined to explore than to escape, or may also have differential stress responses [18,23]. Thus, the increased escape latency and longer swim distance often reported for females may, in part, reflect components of the task that are compensated with the addition of several exposures and may not be memory-related [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a 2-day water maze protocol in mice

Gulinello

Gertner

Mendoza

et al. 2009

Behavioural Brain Research

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We present a 2-day water maze protocol that addresses some of potential confounds present in the water maze when using the aged subjects typical of studies of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. This protocol is based on an initial series of training trials with a visible platform, followed by a memory test with a hidden platform 24 h later. We validated this procedure using aged (15–18 m) mice expressing three Alzheimer’s disease-related transgenes, PS1(M146 V), APP(Swe), and tau(P301L). We also tested these triple transgenic mice (3xTG) and age and sex-matched wild-type (WT) in a behavioral battery consisting of tests of motor coordination (balance beam), spatial memory (object displacement task) visual acuity (novel object recognition task) and locomotor activity (open field). 3xTG mice had significantly longer escape latencies in the memory trial of the 2-day water maze test than WT and than their own baseline performance in the last visible platform trial. In addition, this protocol had improved sensitivity compared to a typical probe trial, since no significant differences between genotypes were evident in a probe trial conducted 24 h after the final training trial. The 2-day procedure also resulted in good reliability between cohorts, and controlled for non-cognitive factors that can confound water maze assessments of memory, such as the significantly lower locomotor activity evident in the 3xTG mice. A further benefit of this method is that large numbers of animals can be tested in a short time.

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Ontogeny of sex differences in open-field ambulation in the rat

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

Interaction of bisphenol A (BPA) and soy phytoestrogens on sexually dimorphic sociosexual behaviors in male and female rats

Interaction of bisphenol A (BPA) and soy phytoestrogens on sexually dimorphic sociosexual behaviors in male and female rats

Age-dependent changes in cocaine sensitivity across early ontogeny in male and female rats: possible role of dorsal striatal D2High receptors

Validation of a 2-day water maze protocol in mice

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