Open circuit voltage of organic solar cells: an in-depth review

Elumalai, Naveen Kumar; Uddin, Ashraf

doi:10.1039/c5ee02871j

Cited by 717 publications

(501 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…The good aggregations for PC 71 BM and small molecules reduced interfacial energy disorder, which was beneficial for further lowering loss of V oc (ref. 22). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To further maximize PCE, an alternative strategy is to minimize . The main loss of V oc is related to the disorder arrangement of donors/acceptors and their poor contact with electrode212223; the main losses of FF and J sc are ascribed to the recombination induced by undesirable distribution of intermix and crystalline phases, interfacial traps and poor domain purity2425. Consequently, all losses are related to the bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) morphology, the optimization of which could simultaneously minimize Λ loss for all three parameters.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fluorination-enabled optimal morphology leads to over 11% efficiency for inverted small-molecule organic solar cells

et al. 2016

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Solution-processable small molecules for organic solar cells have attracted intense attention for their advantages of definite molecular structures compared with their polymer counterparts. However, the device efficiencies based on small molecules are still lower than those of polymers, especially for inverted devices, the highest efficiency of which is <9%. Here we report three novel solution-processable small molecules, which contain π-bridges with gradient-decreased electron density and end acceptors substituted with various fluorine atoms (0F, 1F and 2F, respectively). Fluorination leads to an optimal active layer morphology, including an enhanced domain purity, the formation of hierarchical domain size and a directional vertical phase gradation. The optimal morphology balances charge separation and transfer, and facilitates charge collection. As a consequence, fluorinated molecules exhibit excellent inverted device performance, and an average power conversion efficiency of 11.08% is achieved for a two-fluorine atom substituted molecule.

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“…The good aggregations for PC 71 BM and small molecules reduced interfacial energy disorder, which was beneficial for further lowering loss of V oc (ref. 22). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorination-enabled optimal morphology leads to over 11% efficiency for inverted small-molecule organic solar cells

et al. 2016

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“…25,[53][54][55][56][57][58] Under the open-circuit condition, the charge generation rate is equal to the total recombination rate because of no charge collection to external electrodes. Recently, the voltage loss in organic solar cells has been discussed in the frame work of a modified SQ theory taking into account …”

Section: Origin Of Energy Loss From E G To E G Effmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of Open-Circuit Voltage Loss in Polymer Solar Cells and Perovskite Solar Cells

Kim

Yanagawa

Shimazaki

et al. 2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Herein, the open-circuit voltage (V OC ) loss in both polymer solar cells and perovskite solar cells is quantitatively analyzed by measuring the temperature dependence of V OC in order to discuss the difference in the primary loss mechanism of V OC between them. As a result, the photon energy loss for polymer solar cells is in the range of about 0.7-1.4 eV, which is ascribed to temperature-independent and -dependent loss mechanisms while that for perovskite solar cells is as small as about 0.5 eV, which is ascribed to a temperature-dependent loss mechanism. This difference is attributed to the different charge generation and recombination mechanisms between the two devices. The potential strategies for the improvement of V OC in both solar cells are further discussed on the basis of the experimental data.

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“…In addition, the balance of electron and hole mobility in the OPV is an important parameter determining V oc loss. 30,31 Electron mobility was reduced by adding a void layer between the P3HT:PC 61 BM layer and the ZnO nanorods at a rotation speed of 1000 rpm owing to the formation of highly dense nanorods, as shown in Fig. 3(a).…”

Section: (C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverted Organic Photovoltaic Cell with ZnO Nanorod Structure

Fukuda

Uratani

2017

Electrochemistry

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The electrical and physical properties at the interface between the ZnO electron transport/collection layer and an organic photoactive layer play important roles in determining photovoltaic performance. Therefore, we have fabricated ZnO nanorods and optimized the coating conditions used for deposition of the ZnO seed layer, which serves as a nucleation site for crystal growth. First, the relationship between the concentration of the ZnO precursor solution (zinc acetate dihydrate and hexamethylenetetramine in methanol) and diameter of the ZnO nanorods was examined, and we showed that the diameter continuously decreased with increasing concentration, reaching a minimum of 23 nm. Further, we investigated density of ZnO nanorods and photovoltaic performance of the inverted cell as a function of the rotation speed used during the spin coating process to deposit the ZnO seed layer. A low density of ZnO nanorods was obtained when the rotation speed was low, and this caused the short circuit current density, open circuit voltage, and fill factor of the organic photovoltaics to decrease. As a result, a maximum photoconversion efficiency of 3.0% was achieved, and this value was 1.6-fold greater than that measured using a reference device containing no ZnO nanorods (photoconversion efficiency: 1.9%).

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Open circuit voltage of organic solar cells: an in-depth review

Abstract: Factors and governing mechanisms influencing the open circuit voltage – a key determinant for improving the device performance efficiency.

Cited by 717 publications

References 117 publications

Fluorination-enabled optimal morphology leads to over 11% efficiency for inverted small-molecule organic solar cells

Fluorination-enabled optimal morphology leads to over 11% efficiency for inverted small-molecule organic solar cells

Origin of Open-Circuit Voltage Loss in Polymer Solar Cells and Perovskite Solar Cells

Inverted Organic Photovoltaic Cell with ZnO Nanorod Structure

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