Open-loop groundwater heat pumps development for large buildings: A case study

Russo, Stefano Lo; Civita, Massimo

doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2008.12.009

Cited by 72 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…From Equations (14) and (16), the streaming potential and thermoelectric coupling coefficients C s and C T are defined by: (18) and are expressed in V· m −1 and V· K −1 (or V·°C −1 ) respectively, where h is the piezometric level.…”

Section: Self-potential Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In situ tests, such as thermal response tests [12,13] or laboratory measurements [14] are sometimes possible, but the values obtained may deliver only well-centered information or may not always (if not at all) be representative of in situ conditions at a larger scale. Such data are often scarce if not missing and authors often have to rely on standard calculation charts, values found in the literature, or simply default values implemented in standard software (e.g., [15][16][17][18]). In addition, the heterogeneity of the material properties and their potential anisotropy, which are difficult to detect with standard integration methods, make the problem more complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Geophysical Methods for Monitoring Temperature Changes in Shallow Low Enthalpy Geothermal Systems

Hermans

Nguyen

Robert³

et al. 2014

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low enthalpy geothermal systems exploited with ground source heat pumps or groundwater heat pumps present many advantages within the context of sustainable energy use. Designing, monitoring and controlling such systems requires the measurement of spatially distributed temperature fields and the knowledge of the parameters governing groundwater flow (permeability and specific storage) and heat transport (thermal conductivity and volumetric thermal capacity). Such data are often scarce or not available. In recent years, the ability of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), self-potential method (SP) and distributed temperature sensing (DTS) to monitor spatially and temporally temperature changes in the subsurface has been investigated. We review the recent advances in using these three methods for this type of shallow applications. A special focus is made regarding the petrophysical relationships and on underlying assumptions generally needed for a quantitative interpretation of these geophysical data. We show that those geophysical methods are mature to be used within the context of temperature monitoring and that a combination of them may be the best choice regarding control and validation issues. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2014, 7 5084

show abstract

Section: Self-potential Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical Methods for Monitoring Temperature Changes in Shallow Low Enthalpy Geothermal Systems

Hermans

Nguyen

Robert³

et al. 2014

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This tool can be utilized for the design of GWHPs. Lo Russo et al [9][10][11] modeled GWHPs to assess the hydrogeological sustainability of water reinjection in a plant installed at the Politecnico di Torino (Italy) for the cooling of various buildings. Different scenarios were analyzed that differ significantly in terms of both overall plant costs (investments, maintenance, and total electricity consumption) and environmental impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Feasibility Study of a Standing Column Well (SCW) System Using a Deep Geothermal Well

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Deep geothermal heat pump systems have considerable energy saving potential for heating and cooling systems that use stable ground temperature and groundwater as their heat sources. However, deep geothermal systems have several limitations for real applications such as a very high installation cost and a lack of recognition as heating and cooling systems. In this study, we performed a feasibility assessment of a Standing Column Well (SCW) system using a deep geothermal well, based on a real-scale experiment in Korea. The results showed that the temperature of the heat source increased up to 42.04˝C in the borehole after the heating experiment, which is about 30˝C higher than that of normal shallow geothermal wells. Furthermore, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump during 3 months of operation was 5.8, but the system COP was only 3.6 due to the relatively high electric consumption of the pump. Moreover, the payback period of the system using a deep well for controlled horticulture in a glass greenhouse was calculated as 6 years compared with using a diesel boiler system.

show abstract

“…In order to optimize the design and operation of GWHP systems, it is usually necessary to predict groundwater and heat flow and evaluate system performance comprehensively. The temperature distribution in the aquifer will affect the heat pump efficiency if the perturbed area reaches the extraction well (or that of other heat pumps installed in the surrounding areas) (Hecht-Mendez et al, 2010;Lo Russo and Civita, 2009;Nam and Ooka, 2010). In these situations, it is important to understand the effect of the heat on the groundwater system and to be able to predict consequences such as the accelerated precipitation of dissolved substances, or changes in the biological regimes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advective Heat Transport in an Unconfined Aquifer Induced by the Field Injection of an Open-Loop Groundwater Heat Pump

Russo¹

2010

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Problem statement:The increasing diffusion of low-enthalpy geothermal open-loop Groundwater Heat Pumps (GWHP) providing buildings air conditioning requires a careful assessment of the overall effects on groundwater system, especially in the urban areas. The impact on the groundwater temperature in the surrounding area of the re-injection well is directly linked to the aquifer properties. Physical processes affecting heat transport within an aquifer include advection (or convection) and hydrodynamic thermodispersion (diffusion and mechanical dispersion). If the groundwater flows, the advective components tend to dominate the heat transfer process within the aquifer and the diffusion can be considered negligible. This study illustrates the experimental results derived from the groundwater monitoring in the surrounding area of an injection well connected to an open-loop GWHP plant which has been installed in the "Politecnico di Torino" (NW Italy) for cooling some of the university buildings. Groundwater pumping and injection interfere only with the upper unconfined aquifer. Approach: After the description of the hydrogeological setting the authors examined the data deriving from multiparameter probes installed inside the pumping well (P2), the injection well (P4) and a downgradient piezometer (S2). Data refers to the summer 2009. To control the aquifer thermal stratification some multi-temporal temperature logs have been performed in the S2. Results: After the injection of warm water in P4 the plume arrived after 30 days in the S2. That delay is compatible with the calculated plume migration velocity (1.27 m d −1 ) and their respective distance (35 m). The natural temperature in the aquifer due to the switching-off of the GWHP plant has been reached after two month. The Electrical Conductivity (EC) values tend to vary out of phase with the temperature. The temperature logs in the S2 highlighted a thermal stratification in the aquifer due to a low vertical dispersion of the injected warm water. Conclusion: Experimental evidences seem to confirm the prevalence of heat advective transport component respect the dispersive phenomena. This hypothesis appears validated by the following evidences: (i) the calculated advective migration velocities are compatible with the calculated retardation factor and the temperature revealed in the S2, (ii) both the groundwater and the heat tend to flow horizontally due to the different values of horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity in the Unit 1 (thermal stratification) and (iii) the flowing water highlighted different geochemical characteristics during the time.

show abstract

Open-loop groundwater heat pumps development for large buildings: A case study

Cited by 72 publications

References 4 publications

Geophysical Methods for Monitoring Temperature Changes in Shallow Low Enthalpy Geothermal Systems

Geophysical Methods for Monitoring Temperature Changes in Shallow Low Enthalpy Geothermal Systems

Performance and Feasibility Study of a Standing Column Well (SCW) System Using a Deep Geothermal Well

Advective Heat Transport in an Unconfined Aquifer Induced by the Field Injection of an Open-Loop Groundwater Heat Pump

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About