Open-source modeling of a low-carbon urban neighborhood with high shares of local renewable generation

Zwickl-Bernhard, Sebastian; Auer, Hans

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116166

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…• The GUSTO model 29 for the representation and analysis of regional energy communities is based on the urbs model. The processing of model results is currently being reimplemented to use pyam.…”

Section: Model Results Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

pyam: Analysis and visualisation of integrated assessment and macro-energy scenarios

et al. 2021

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The open-source Python package pyam provides a suite of features and methods for the analysis, validation and visualization of reference data and scenario results generated by integrated assessment models, macro-energy tools and other frameworks in the domain of energy transition, climate change mitigation and sustainable development. It bridges the gap between scenario processing and visualisation solutions that are "hard-wired" to specific modelling frameworks and generic data analysis or plotting packages. The package aims to facilitate reproducibility and reliability of scenario processing, validation and analysis by providing well-tested and documented methods for timeseries aggregation, downscaling and unit conversion. It supports various data formats, including sub-annual resolution using continuous time representation and "representative timeslices". The code base is implemented following best practices of collaborative scientific-software development. This manuscript describes the design principles of the package and the types of data which can be handled. The usefulness of pyam is illustrated by highlighting several recent applications.

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Section: Model Results Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

pyam: Analysis and visualisation of integrated assessment and macro-energy scenarios

et al. 2021

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“…A related study of a rural off-grid district is presented in [16]. Note that in this study, similar to [17] (Besides, the cited reference also contains a comprehensive discussion of open-source modeling of energy systems. This is only to be understood as an extended note since open-source modeling is not explicitly discussed in detail in this study.…”

Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Exemplarily, the number of City MECs (Λ City ) is calculated using Equation (5) (An even more detailed description of the allocation can be found in [9].). The optimization model applied in this work is constructed on the existing OSM urbs by Dorfner [35] and its extension in [17] (It is noted that this work also has been conducted by the author of this paper.). It is a mixed-integer linear program and enables a tool for energy technology/infrastructure investment decisions and an optimal energy technology dispatch with a high temporal resolution.…”

Section: Settlement Patterns and Model Energy Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizen Participation in Low-Carbon Energy Systems: Energy Communities and Its Impact on the Electricity Demand on Neighborhood and National Level

Zwickl-Bernhard

Auer

2021

Energies

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In this work, the main research question is how a high penetration of energy communities (ECs) affects the national electricity demand in the residential sector. Thus, the existing building stock of three European regions/countries, namely, the Iberian Peninsula, Norway, and Austria, is analyzed and represented by four different model energy communities based on characteristic settlement patterns. A tailor-made, open-source model optimizes the utilization of the local energy technology portfolio, especially small-scale batteries and photovoltaic systems within the ECs. Finally, the results on the national level are achieved by upscaling from the neighborhood level. The findings of different 2030 scenarios (building upon narrative storylines), which consider various socio-economic and techno-economic determinants of possible future energy system development, identify a variety of modification potentials of the electricity demand as a result of EC penetration. The insights achieved in this work highlight the important contributions of ECs to low-carbon energy systems. Future work may focus on the provision of future local energy services, such as increasing cooling demand and/or high shares of electric vehicles, further enhancement of the upscaling to the national level (i.e., considering the distribution network capacities), and further diversification of EC composition beyond the residential sector.

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“…As elaborated extensively in [23], energy system models often are hardly understandable to third parties due to their black-box approach. However, this conservative approach towards modelling due to a variety of potential concerns makes reproducibility and credibility of results barely possible [24].…”

Section: Open-source Energy Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Perspective on Positive Energy Districts in Climatically Favoured Regions: An Open-Source Modelling Approach Disclosing Implications and Possibilities

2021

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Urban areas have been responsible for the majority of the European Union (EU)-wide primary energy demand and CO2 emissions. To address this issue, the European Union introduced the concept of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs). PEDs are required to have an annual positive primary energy balance. However, if directly addressed in the literature, this energy balance only includes annually fixed primary energy factors and often neglects grid impacts. To bridge this gap, this work proposes a mathematical optimisation approach for PEDs, working towards an open-source model. The model’s main novelty is an hourly primary energy balance constraint. The performed case study on the island La Palma for both an urban and a rural neighbourhood show that the PED concept has a higher net present value (NPV) than solely buying electricity from the grid in all feasible cases. Depending on the space available for PV installations, the NPV increases between 29 and 31% and 25–27% for the rural and urban PED scenarios, respectively. However, in the scenarios with reduced grid impact, the NPV decreases due to the expensive battery installations. Comparing the significantly fossil-based electricity grid mix of La Palma with the renewable-based one of El Hierro shows that the primary energy-based optimisation has more room for flexibility in the high renewable mix. While the dynamic primary energy balance constraint appears promising for operational optimisation, the allocation of correct primary energy factors is crucial.

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Open-source modeling of a low-carbon urban neighborhood with high shares of local renewable generation

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

pyam: Analysis and visualisation of integrated assessment and macro-energy scenarios

pyam: Analysis and visualisation of integrated assessment and macro-energy scenarios

Citizen Participation in Low-Carbon Energy Systems: Energy Communities and Its Impact on the Electricity Demand on Neighborhood and National Level

A Critical Perspective on Positive Energy Districts in Climatically Favoured Regions: An Open-Source Modelling Approach Disclosing Implications and Possibilities

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