Open water integrated multi-trophic aquaculture: constraints on the effectiveness of mussels as an organic extractive component

Cranford, Peter J.; Reid, G. K.; Robinson, Shawn

doi:10.3354/aei00081

Cited by 73 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Bannister et al 2016). Even if some faeces were to reach bivalves held beside the pens, this material does not appear to be effectively utilized (Handå et al 2012b), and any benefit may be negated by faeces deposition by the bivalves themselves (Cranford et al 2013). Future open-water IMTA research should focus on the development of systems that rely on extractive species held below fish cages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The establishment of commercial-scale bivalve culture at fish farms requires strong evidence of a persistent and elevated food supply over a scale sufficient for the bivalves to effectively capture the wastes. Previous observations that fish wastes can comprise an important fraction of the bivalve diet have been limited to areas with low seston concentrations and organic content, inside or very close to net-pens and/or during winter, when natural food is relatively scarce (reviewed in Cranford et al 2013). Although the intensive salmon farming operations at the Rataran and Flåtegrunen sites take place within oligotrophic environments, the presence of a consistent and significantly elevated supply of waste particles to help support bivalve co-culture was not supported by the results of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the results of the present study, along with those from other studies, provide a weight of evidence against the practical incorporation of commercial bivalve operations in IMTA systems. In brief, SPM and bivalve growth enhancement in waters around fish farms tend to be absent, miniscule or highly localized (see above), and model predictions of fish waste capture efficiency by bivalve populations in IMTA systems are low owing to the limited time available for the bivalves to intercept wastes in the horizontal particle flux (Cranford et al 2013). The establishment of commercial-scale bivalve culture at fish farms requires strong evidence of a persistent and elevated food supply over a scale sufficient for the bivalves to effectively capture the wastes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Temporal variations in suspended particulate waste concentrations at open-water fish farms in Canada and Norway

Brager¹,

Cranford²,

Jansen³

et al. 2016

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Temporal variations in suspended particulate waste concentrations at open-water fish farms in Canada and Norway

Brager¹,

Cranford²,

Jansen³

et al. 2016

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

Self Cite

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“…The levels of DHA in mussels showed a significant breakpoint at 339 m from the farm, which suggests that distance should be considered to optimize certain nutrients [16]. However, organic fish waste captured by mussels is limited by the time available to intercept solid wastes contained in the horizontal particle flux, the velocity of the current, available IMTA farm space, and any negative feedback effects on fish culture from flow reduction caused by mussel culture [17]. New research is focused on expanding novel fish and extractive species.…”

Section: Feeding and The Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Nutrition and Current Issues in Aquaculture: The Balance in Providing Safe and Nutritious Seafood, in an Environmentally Sustainable Manner

Hixson¹

2014

J Aquac Res Development

113

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Global aquaculture production has increased in recent years and it is predicted that aquaculture will provide the most reliable supply of seafood in the future. However, there are many controversial issues in aquaculture regarding food safety, nutrition, and sustainability; many of which are directly related to the nutrition and feeds for farmed fish. These nutrition-related issues must be considered in order to achieve balance in safe and nutritious food production and sustainability in aquaculture. This review highlights recent studies and discusses new and innovative aspects in fish nutrition. Some issues in the area of fish nutrition require consideration and improvement, such as: feed and nutrient efficiency, overfeeding and waste, fish meal and fish oil replacements, fish health, biotechnology, and human health concerns. The findings reviewed in this manuscript demonstrate promise toward improvement of the aquaculture industry through nutrition. This review is an update in fish nutrition research, and provides insight on the progression and evolution of this field in order to meet the needs of the industry with the purpose to achieve a balance in seafood production and environmental sustainability. The outcome of this review encourages the use of biotechnology as a tool to meet seafood production and environmental sustainability, in order to ensure global food security in the future and to improve our resource use.

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“…Cranford et al (2013) have shown that shellfish ability to intercept waste particulates from fish cages diminishes very quickly with distance from the fish site. Also, species considered for IMTA systems have specific growth periods that are not equal and may not overlap to any significant extent.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting for inventory data and methodological choice uncertainty in a comparative life cycle assessment: the case of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture in an offshore Mediterranean enterprise

Beltrán

Chiantore

Pecorino

et al. 2017

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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Purpose Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA), growing different species in the same space, is a technology that may help manage the environmental impacts of coastal aquaculture. Nutrient discharges to seawater from monoculture aquaculture are conceptually minimized in IMTA, while expanding the farm economic base. In this study, we investigate the environmental trade-offs for a small-to-medium enterprise (SME) considering a shift from monoculture towards IMTA production of marine fish. Methods A comparative life cycle assessment (LCA), including uncertainty analysis, was implemented for an aquaculture SME in Italy. Quantification and simultaneous propagation of uncertainty of inventory data and uncertainty due to the choice of allocation method were combined with dependent sampling to account for relative uncertainties and statistical testing and interpretation to understand the uncertainty analysis results. Monte Carlo simulations were used as a propagation method. The environmental impacts per kilo of fish produced in monoculture and in IMTA were compared. Twelve impact categories were considered. The comparison is first made excluding uncertainty (deterministic LCA) and then accounting for uncertainties. Results and discussion Deterministic LCA results evidence marginal differences between the impacts of IMTA and monoculture fish production. IMTA performs better on all impacts studied. However, statistical testing and interpretation of the uncertainty analysis results showed that only mean impacts for climate change are significantly different for both productive systems, favoring IMTA. For the case study, technical variables such as scales of production of the species from different trophic levels, their integration (space and time), and the choice of species determine the trade-offs. Also, LCA methodological choices such as that for an allocation method and the treatment of relative uncertainties were determinant in the comparison of environmental trade-offs. Conclusions The case study showed that environmental trade-offs between monoculture and IMTA fish production depend on technical variables and methodological choices. The combination of statistical methods to quantify, propagate, and interpret uncertainty was successfully tested. This approach supports more robust environmental trade-off assessments between alternatives in LCAs with uncertainty analysis by adding information on the significance of results. It was difficult to establish whether IMTA does bring benefits given

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Open water integrated multi-trophic aquaculture: constraints on the effectiveness of mussels as an organic extractive component

Cited by 73 publications

References 51 publications

Temporal variations in suspended particulate waste concentrations at open-water fish farms in Canada and Norway

Temporal variations in suspended particulate waste concentrations at open-water fish farms in Canada and Norway

Fish Nutrition and Current Issues in Aquaculture: The Balance in Providing Safe and Nutritious Seafood, in an Environmentally Sustainable Manner

Accounting for inventory data and methodological choice uncertainty in a comparative life cycle assessment: the case of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture in an offshore Mediterranean enterprise

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