Satellite data relay services for low-earth orbiting spacecraft are promising to change the operations world. Europe is building up a fleet of relay nodes. They rely strongly on optical communication. After more than a year of regular operations, sub-project EDRS-A can take a look back and tell about the challenges of this peculiar undertaking and the success that was achieved. It is also a story about the way to reduce operations effort through automation.
I. About EDRSEDRS-A is the first commercial-grade laser communication relay satellite system. It is part of the European Data Relay System (EDRS) project, an undertaking of Airbus and ESA featuring end-to-end data rates of up to 1.8 GBit/s. The main purpose is to relay earth observation data from spacecraft in low earth orbit to ground stations in Europe in order to provide more earth observation data to the user in less time. Currently the system is used by the Sentinel 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B spacecraft.
Fig. 1 The EDRS-A and EDRS-C nodes in orbit providing laser (red) and Ka-Band (green) connections (EDRS-A is on the left in this view).Two precursor missions were undertaken, where GSOC was already involved in operations. First, over 10 years ago the German radar satellite TerraSAR-X was launched with an early version of the laser communications terminal (LCT) on board. It was used for experimental purposes. In a campaign with the American NFIRE satellite it