Operating Experience with Modulation of the Pacific HVDC Intertie

Control Coordination Within a VSC HVDC Link for Power Oscillation Damping: A Robust Decentralized Approach Using Homotopy

“…UPPLEMENTARY modulation of active power through an high voltage direct current (HVDC) link to improve damping of low frequency power oscillations in host AC networks has been exercised by network operators like WECC since the 1970s [1]. With an increasing number of HVDC installations around the world, especially in countries with long transmission corridors like Brazil, China and India, there has been a renewed interest in this area [2], [3], [4].…”

Applying a robust control technique to damp low frequency oscillations in the WECC

“…FACTs devices like SVCs, STATCOMS, and TCSCs, HVDC lines as well as ESDs have also been found to show great potential in damping these oscillations [9][10][11][12][13]. However, an inappropriate co-ordination among these controllers due to local control strategies can cause destabilizing interactions between the controllers, especially when the operating point changes [14].…”

Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions Grid of the Future White Paper on Review of Recent Reliability Issues and Systems Events

“…One of these is the PACI mode, which in earlier times was a notorious source of unstable oscillations in the range of 0.32 Hz to about 0.36 Hz. There have also been destabilizing controller interactions with one or more modes near 0.7 Hz [44,32]. WSCC monitor coverage at that time was not sufficient to identify the particular mode involved.…”

“…There are few organizational paradigms for this, however, and there is no accepted term that clearly denotes the activity. One of the few examples that does exist is the Systems Analysis Group that BPA once maintained for such work [44,8,45]. This was, in effect, an advanced technology staff that supported both system planning and system operations.…”