Operational carbon monoxide retrieval algorithm and selected results for the MOPITT instrument

Deeter, M. N.; Emmons, L. K.; Francis, Gene; Edwards, D. P.; Gille, J. C.; Warner, J. X.; Khattatov, B.; Ziskin, Daniel; Lamarque, Jean‐François; Ho, Shu‐Peng; Yudin, V. A.; Attié, J.-L.; Packman, D.; Chen, J.; Mao, D.; Drummond, J. R.

doi:10.1029/2002jd003186

Cited by 437 publications

(533 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…NH 3 plays an important role in formation of tropospheric aerosols; its retrievability from MIPAS spectra has been demonstrated by Burgess et al (2006b). In the case of CO, despite the overburden of the high altitude concentration, useful results have also been obtained in the upper troposphere where the comparison with MOPITT measurements (Deeter et al, 2003) shows a general agreement together with significant differences due to the complementarity of the two observation techniques (limb sounding and nadir sounding, respectively). CO retrievals from the mesosphere down to the middle troposphere as described by Funke et al (2006) scattering by ice particles in cirrus clouds.…”

Section: Trace Species and Cirrus Clouds In The Upper Tropospherementioning

confidence: 93%

MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research

Fischer¹,

Birk

Blom³

et al. 2008

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

691

625

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Abstract. MIPAS, the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding, is a mid-infrared emission spectrometer which is part of the core payload of ENVISAT. It is a limb sounder, i.e. it scans across the horizon detecting atmospheric spectral radiances which are inverted to vertical temperature, trace species and cloud distributions. These data can be used for scientific investigations in various research fields including dynamics and chemistry in the altitude region between upper troposphere and lower thermosphere.The instrument is a well calibrated and characterized Fourier transform spectrometer which is able to detect many trace constituents simultaneously. The different concepts of retrieval methods are described including multi-target and two-dimensional retrievals. Operationally generated data sets consist of temperature, H 2 O, O 3 , CH 4 , N 2 O, HNO 3 , and NO 2 profiles. Measurement errors are investigated in detail and random and systematic errors are specified. The results are validated by independent instrumentation which has been operated at ground stations or aboard balloon gondolas and aircraft. Intercomparisons of MIPAS measurements with other satellite data have been carried out, too. As a result, itCorrespondence to: H. Fischer (herbert.fischer@imk.fzk.de) has been proven that the MIPAS data are of good quality.MIPAS can be operated in different measurement modes in order to optimize the scientific output. Due to the wealth of information in the MIPAS spectra, many scientific results have already been published. They include intercomparisons of temperature distributions with ECMWF data, the derivation of the whole NO y family, the study of atmospheric processes during the Antarctic vortex split in September 2002, the determination of properties of Polar Stratospheric Clouds, the downward transport of NO x in the middle atmosphere, the stratosphere-troposphere exchange, the influence of solar variability on the middle atmosphere, and the observation of Non-LTE effects in the mesosphere.

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Section: Trace Species and Cirrus Clouds In The Upper Tropospherementioning

confidence: 93%

MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research

Fischer¹,

Birk

Blom³

et al. 2008

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

691

625

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“…whereẑ is the retrieved vertical profile vector consisting of mixing ratios on a fixed pressure grid (Deeter et al, 2003), z is the true profile on the same grid, and z a is a globally uniform a priori profile derived from an ensemble of aircraft observations (Deeter et al, 2003). Only cloud-free scenes are retrieved.…”

Section: Mopittmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global estimates of CO sources with high resolution by adjoint inversion of multiple satellite datasets (MOPITT, AIRS, SCIAMACHY, TES)

et al. 2010

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Abstract. We combine CO column measurements from the MOPITT, AIRS, SCIAMACHY, and TES satellite instruments in a full-year (May 2004-April 2005 global inversion of CO sources at 4 • ×5 • spatial resolution and monthly temporal resolution. The inversion uses the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (CTM) and its adjoint applied to MO-PITT, AIRS, and SCIAMACHY. Observations from TES, surface sites (NOAA/GMD), and aircraft (MOZAIC) are used for evaluation of the a posteriori solution. Using GEOSChem as a common intercomparison platform shows global consistency between the different satellite datasets and with the in situ data. Differences can be largely explained by different averaging kernels and a priori information. The global CO emission from combustion as constrained in the inversion is 1350 Tg a −1 . This is much higher than current bottomup emission inventories. A large fraction of the correction results from a seasonal underestimate of CO sources at northern mid-latitudes in winter and suggests a larger-thanexpected CO source from vehicle cold starts and residential heating. Implementing this seasonal variation of emissions solves the long-standing problem of models underestimating CO in the northern extratropics in winter-spring. A posCorrespondence to: M. Kopacz (mkopacz@princeton.edu) teriori emissions also indicate a general underestimation of biomass burning in the GFED2 inventory. However, the tropical biomass burning constraints are not quantitatively consistent across the different datasets.

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“…Over the last 2 decades, Earth-observing satellites have revolutionized our ability to map CO and to understand its evolving concentration on regional and global scales. At the moment several satellite missions using the thermal infrared (TIR) spectral range to sound the atmosphere are delivering CO data, including MOPITT on EOS/Terra launched at the end of 1999 (Drummond and Mand, 1996;Deeter et al, 2003), AIRS on the EOS/Aqua satellite launched in 2002 (Aumann et al, 2003;McMillan et al, 2005), TES on the EOS/Aura satellite launched in (Beer, 2006Rinsland et al, 2006), and IASI on the EPS/MetOp-A satellite launched in 2006 George et al, 2009). All these missions are maturing and have exceeded their foreseen lifetimes.…”

Section: George Et Al: Long-term Co Records From Mopitt and Iasimentioning

confidence: 99%

An examination of the long-term CO records from MOPITT and IASI: comparison of retrieval methodology

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a key atmospheric compound that can be remotely sensed by satellite on the global scale. Fifteen years of continuous observations are now available from the MOPITT/Terra mission (2000 to present). Another 15 and more years of observations will be provided by the IASI/MetOp instrument series (2007-2023 >). In order to study long-term variability and trends, a homogeneous record is required, which is not straightforward as the retrieved quantities are instrument and processing dependent. The present study aims at evaluating the consistency between the CO products derived from the MOPITT and IASI missions, both for total columns and vertical profiles, during a 6-year overlap period (2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013). The analysis is performed by first comparing the available 2013 versions of the retrieval algorithms (v5T for MOPITT and v20100815 for IASI), and second using a dedicated reprocessing of MO-PITT CO profiles and columns using the same a priori information as the IASI product. MOPITT total columns are generally slightly higher over land (bias ranging from 0 to 13 %) than IASI data. When IASI and MOPITT data are retrieved with the same a priori constraints, correlation coefficients are slightly improved. Large discrepancies (total column bias over 15 %) observed in the Northern Hemisphere during the winter months are reduced by a factor of 2 to 2.5. The detailed analysis of retrieved vertical profiles compared with collocated aircraft data from the MOZAIC-IAGOS network, illustrates the advantages and disadvantages of a constant vs. a variable a priori. On one hand, MOPITT agrees better with the aircraft profiles for observations with persisting high levels of CO throughout the year due to pollution or seasonal fire activity (because the climatology-based a priori is supposed to be closer to the real atmospheric state). On the other hand, IASI performs better when unexpected events leading to high levels of CO occur, due to a larger variability associated with the a priori.

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Operational carbon monoxide retrieval algorithm and selected results for the MOPITT instrument

Cited by 437 publications

References 24 publications

MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research

MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research

Global estimates of CO sources with high resolution by adjoint inversion of multiple satellite datasets (MOPITT, AIRS, SCIAMACHY, TES)

An examination of the long-term CO records from MOPITT and IASI: comparison of retrieval methodology

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