OPG and RANKL levels around miniscrew implants during orthodontic tooth movement

Enhoş, Şükrü; Veli, İlknur; Çakmak, Ömer; Uçar, Faruk İzzet; Alkan, Arzu; Uysal, Tancan

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.02.028

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The present study showed an increased protein concentration of RANKL in compressed hPDL cells in a force magnitude-dependent manner (RANKL was increased in pressure side loaded with 7oz of force). This finding was reported previously in hPDL in vitro , 11 , 16 in hPDL in vivo , 17 in compressed cells of human crevicular fluid, 18 – 21 in loaded miniscrew in humans, 22 and in rat PDL. 20 – 23 These findings support the role of RANKL in osteoclastogenesis mediated by PDL cells subjected to compressive forces.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Expression and Presence of OPG and RANKL mRNA and Protein in Human Periodontal Ligament with Orthodontic Force

Otero

Robayo

Wilches-Buitrago

2016

Gene�Regul Syst Bio

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OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study is to investigate the expression and concentration of ligand receptor activator of NFkB (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in human periodontal ligament (hPDL) with orthodontic forces of different magnitudes.METHODSRight premolars in 32 patients were loaded with 4oz or 7oz of orthodontic force for 7 days. Left first premolars were not loaded. After 7 days, premolars were extracted for treatment as indicated. OPG and RANKL mRNA expressions were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and ELISA was used to assess OPG and RANKL protein concentration in compression and tension sides of PDL. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey tests.RESULTSThere was statistically significant difference in RANKL concentration on comparing control teeth with tension and compression sides of the experimental teeth (P < 0.0001). The expression of mRNA RANKL was increased in the tension and compression sides with 4oz (P < 0.0001). OPG did not show statistically significant association with any group. Changes in RANKL/OPG protein ratio in experimental and control groups showed statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONSRANKL protein levels are elevated in hPDL loaded with orthodontic forces, suggesting that RANKL protein contributes to bone modeling in response to the initial placement of orthodontic force.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Expression and Presence of OPG and RANKL mRNA and Protein in Human Periodontal Ligament with Orthodontic Force

Otero

Robayo

Wilches-Buitrago

2016

Gene�Regul Syst Bio

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“…Among these studies, further analysis of the titles, abstracts, and fulltexts revealed that 25 were relevant for the present study. A summary of papers that were excluded is presented in Figure 1 (exhibiting the orthodontic mechanics, GCF sampling methods, and cytokine measurements) [1][2][3][4][5][6][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokines in crevicular fluid and orthodontic force: a systematic review

Allgayer

Menezes

Rinaldi

2017

Rev. Odonto Ciênc. (Online)

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OBJECTIVE: This paper aimed to analyze studies in the literature addressing the role of cytokines in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in the orthodontic treatment. METHODS: Several databases were surveyed using both MESH terms and free terms. Additional studies were obtained by reference tracking. This review was registered in PROSPERO, and the procedures foreseen by its statement were followed. Data were obtained from the included studies addressing the orthodontic mechanics, GCF sampling/handling methods, and cytokine measurements. Clinical studies written in English were browsed. Papers were selected by one reviewer and checked by a second investigator. RESULTS: A total of 115 articles were identified, among which 25 were selected for detailed analysis. Common drawbacks consisted mainly of inadequacies in the study design (e.g. short duration and small number of study subjects). The most consistent result was a peak of cytokine levels at 1 d. Associations were observed between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and pain, velocity of tooth movement, and treatment mechanics. Interleukin-1b and PGE2 showed different patterns of up-regulation, with IL-1β being more responsive to mechanical stress and PGE2 more responsive to synergistic regulation of IL-1β and mechanical force. The results support the use of light continuous forces for orthodontic treatment. CONCLUSION: There was a tendency of maintenance of relatively high IL-1β levels for longer periods with the use of light continuous forces, which might decrease the frequency of activation. These outcomes provide evidence at the cellular level for the utilization of light continuous forces.Key words: Systematic review; Orthodontics, corrective; Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF); Interleukin; T Cells.Papel das citocinas presentes no fluido crevicular durante o tratamento ortodôntico: uma revisão sistemática REsUMO OBJETIVO: Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar estudos na literatura abordando o papel das citocinas no Líquido do Sulco Gengival no tratamento ortodôntico. MéTODOS: Várias bases de dados foram pesquisadas usando termos MESH e termos livres. Estudos adicionais foram obtidos por rastreamento de referência. Esta revisão foi registrada no PROSPERO, e os procedimentos previstos por sua declaração foram seguidos. Os dados foram obtidos dos estudos incluídos sobre a mecânica ortodôntica, métodos de amostragem / manuseio de Líquido do Sulco Gengival e medições de citoquinas. Estudos clínicos escritos em inglês foram pesquisados. Os trabalhos foram selecionados por um revisor e verificados por um segundo investigador. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 115 artigos, dentre os quais 25 foram selecionados para análise detalhada. As desvantagens comuns consistiram principalmente em insuficiências no design do estudo (por exemplo, curta duração e pequeno número de sujeitos do estudo). O resultado mais consistente foi um pico de níveis de citocinas a 1 d. Foram observadas associações entre prostaglandina E2 (PGE2) e interleucina-1β (IL-1β) ...

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“…Hence, bone remodeling is regulated by a balance between RANK-RANKL binding and OPG production [ 33 ] which has also been assessed in PMICF. A study by Enhos et al [ 34 ] measured levels of RANKL and OPG in PMICF pre-loading and at 1, 2, 7 and 30 days after loading. A variation in OPG levels among loaded (72.74 pg/μL) and unloaded (81.06 pg/μL) groups were observed at 24 h. On the other hand, RANKL level at 24 h was higher in the loaded group (4631.25 pg/μL) than in unloaded group (3935.42 pg/μL), thus indicating more osteoclastic resorption in loaded than in the unloaded group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of biomarkers in peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid (PMICF)

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe temporary anchorage devices (TADs) which include miniscrew implants (MSIs) have evolved as useful armamentarium in the management of severe malocclusions and assist in complex tooth movements. Although a multitude of factors is responsible for the primary and secondary stability of miniscrew implants, contemporary research highlights the importance of biological interface of MSI with bone and soft tissue in augmenting the success of implants.The inflammation and remodeling associated with MSI insertion or loading are reflected through biomarkers in peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid (PMICF) which is analogous to the gingival crevicular fluid. Analysis of biomarkers in PMICF provides indicators of inflammation at the implant site, osteoclast differentiation and activation, bone resorption activity and bone turnover. The PMICF for assessment of these biomarkers can be collected non-invasively via paper strips, periopaper or micro capillary pipettes and analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunoassays. The markers and mediators of inflammation have been previously studied in relation to orthodontic tooth movement include interleukins (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8), growth factors and other proteins like tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), chondroitin sulphate (CS) and osteoprotegerin (OPG).Studies have indicated that successful and failed MSIs have different concentrations of biomarkers in PMICF. However, there is a lack of comprehensive information on this aspect of MSIs. Therefore, a detailed review was conducted on the subject.ResultsA literature search revealed six relevant studies: two on IL-1β; one on IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8; one on TNF-α; one on CS; and one on RANKL/OPG ratio. One study showed an increase in IL-1β levels upon MSI loading, peak in 24 hours (h), followed by a decrease in 21 days to reach baseline in 300 days. A 6.87% decrease in IL-2 levels was seen before loading and a 5.97% increase post-loading. IL-8 showed a 6.31% increase after loading and IL-6 increased by 3.08% before MSI loading and 15.06% after loading. RANKL/OPG ratio increased in loaded compared to unloaded MSIs.ConclusionsCytokines (mainly ILs and TNF-α) and RANKL/OPG ratio showed alteration in PMICF levels upon loading of MSIs as direct or indirect anchorage.

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OPG and RANKL levels around miniscrew implants during orthodontic tooth movement

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Expression and Presence of OPG and RANKL mRNA and Protein in Human Periodontal Ligament with Orthodontic Force

Expression and Presence of OPG and RANKL mRNA and Protein in Human Periodontal Ligament with Orthodontic Force

Cytokines in crevicular fluid and orthodontic force: a systematic review

A review of biomarkers in peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid (PMICF)

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