Abstract:The ophthalmologist plays a pivotal role in the evaluation and rehabilitation of patients with facial nerve palsy. It is crucial to recognize and treat the potentially life-threatening underlying causes. The immediate ophthalmic priority is to ensure adequate corneal protection. The medium to long-term management consists of treatment of epiphora, hyperkinetic disorders secondary to aberrant regeneration and poor cosmesis. Patients should be appropriately referred for general facial re-animation. This review a… Show more
“…A canthopexy alone tends to loosen with time and therefore provides insuf fi cient support in facial palsy cases. Where there is laxity of the medial canthal ligament and ectropion, it can be addressed with a medial canthopexy or medial tarsal strip and suture fi xation to the deep periosteum (McLaughlin 1951 ;Lee et al 2004 ;Collin 1993 ) . This can also help to address epiphora.…”
“…A canthopexy alone tends to loosen with time and therefore provides insuf fi cient support in facial palsy cases. Where there is laxity of the medial canthal ligament and ectropion, it can be addressed with a medial canthopexy or medial tarsal strip and suture fi xation to the deep periosteum (McLaughlin 1951 ;Lee et al 2004 ;Collin 1993 ) . This can also help to address epiphora.…”
“…Die Versorgung des akuten Lagophthalmus mit BTX (protektive Ptosis), die erstmalig 1987 von der Arbeitsgruppe um Adams beschrieben wurde [8], ist indiziert in Fällen mit Expositionskeratopathie bei guter Erholungsprognose der Fazialisparese, um die kosmetisch entstellenden Komplikationen der früher verwendeten temporären Tarsorrhaphie zu ersparen [6]. Die Rückbildung der medikamentösen Ptosis verläuft häufig zeitlich günstig im Rahmen der zu erwartenden physiologischen Reinnervation nach Fazialisparese, so dass kein Lagophthalmus mehr gegeben ist und keine weitere Ptosis induktion mehr notwendig ist.…”
Section: Lagophthalmusunclassified
“…Die Lähmung der ipsilateralen Gesichtshälfte charakterisiert die periphere Fazialisparese, die idiopathisch, infektiös, traumatisch, iatrogen, kongenital oder neoplastisch mit einer gesamten Inzidenz von 13,1-20,2/100000 vorkommen kann [6,15].…”
unclassified
“…Die abnormale Gesichtsmotorik dieser Patienten führt zu sozialen und psychologischen Einschränkungen und ist mit starkem psychischem Leid verbunden [1,5,6].…”
Sequelae of facial palsy are often underdiagnosed. The ophthalmologist plays a pivotal role in the acute, subacute and chronic treatment of this condition. Goals are to provide corneal protection, restoration of facial asymmetry and facial movements and the treatment of crocodile tears. Botulinum toxin is the first line treatment for sequelae due to aberrant regeneration. The indications and techniques for treatment with botulinum toxin in patients with facial palsy are presented.
“…This involves an injection into the upper eyelid to temporarily paralyze the superior tarsal muscle (known as the levator palpebrae muscle in humans) that acts to hold the upper lid in an elevated position. It usually takes effect after a few days and lasts for 6-8 weeks 9 . FIGURE 1 | A temporary tarsorrhaphy is performed by placing a 6.0 PDS suture through a Teflon stent (S1) (see arrow) and then through the anterior aspect of the upper eyelid, exiting through the middle aspect of the upper eyelid margin.…”
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