Opioid and Nonopioid Mechanisms of Stress Analgesia

Intermittent and continuous swim stress-induced behavioral depression: sensitivity to norepinephrine- and serotonin-selective antidepressants

“…There is good reason to believe that continuous versus intermittent stress exposure might activate distinct neural substrates. For example, continuous versus intermittent footshock stress exposure activates non-opioid versus opioid pain inhibition systems, respectively (Lewis et al 1980). However, studies using either continuous or intermittent cold water swim show similar responses to amygdala lesions on both hypothermia and analgesia endpoints (Pavlovic et al 1996).…”

Socio-psychological stress-induced antinociception in diabetic mice

“…It is well established that different forms of stress, such as psychological and physical stress, produce a pronounced antinociception in experimental animals (Lewis et al 1980;Panocka et al 1986;Kitchen and Pinker 1990;Marek et al 1991;Kamei et al 1992Kamei et al , 1994. Such stress-induced antinociception is mediated by complex endogenous antinociceptive systems, which involve both opioid and non-opioid mechanisms (Lewis et al 1980;Panocka et al 1986;Marek et al 1991).…”

“…Such stress-induced antinociception is mediated by complex endogenous antinociceptive systems, which involve both opioid and non-opioid mechanisms (Lewis et al 1980;Panocka et al 1986;Marek et al 1991). We previously demonstrated that the antinociception induced by physical stress, such as forced swimming, is greater in diabetic mice than in non-diabetic mice (Kamei et al 1992(Kamei et al , 1994.…”

Multitasking with neurotensin in the central nervous system

“…4) that includes the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and rostroventral medulla (RVM) was first inferred from electrical stimulation experiments [189]. This circuit is activated by morphine [190] and appears to normally be activated in response to stress [191]. Two forms of stress-induced antinociception (SIAN) have been distinguished based on their sensitivity to m-opioid receptor antagonists [191].…”

“…This circuit is activated by morphine [190] and appears to normally be activated in response to stress [191]. Two forms of stress-induced antinociception (SIAN) have been distinguished based on their sensitivity to m-opioid receptor antagonists [191]. The production of these two different forms of SIAN is related to stress severity, with more intense stressors typically resulting in m-opioid receptor-independent SIAN [192].…”