Opportunities and Challenges for Visible Light Communications in 6G

Katz, Marcos; Ahmed, Iqrar

doi:10.1109/6gsummit49458.2020.9083805

Cited by 74 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In [103], authors also provided a state-of-the-art of features, strength, and challenges of optical wireless communication for 6G networks. [103,147]  The authors proposed an algorithm for data security in VLC using watermark technique for 6G networks. In [147], several novel concepts such as hybrid-radio optical networks, interactive VLC, optical IoT, and their challenges were discussed.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[103,147]  The authors proposed an algorithm for data security in VLC using watermark technique for 6G networks. In [147], several novel concepts such as hybrid-radio optical networks, interactive VLC, optical IoT, and their challenges were discussed. [36,60,61,118,159] Artificial Intelligence: AI for Edge, and Machine Learning (ML)…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, there is a need for awareness among the people about using AI, XR, and cloud-based technologies to promote better living and healthcare. Next, with respect to optical connectivity to alleviate the digital divide, new standards are necessary for VLC, and the equipment shall have dual connectivity comprising of VLC and radio transceivers [147]. The VLC radio shall also target to provide cost effective services to suit the needs of the underprivileged population.…”

Section: Future Explorationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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6G Ecosystem: Current Status and Future Perspective

Bhat¹,

AlQahtani

2021

IEEE Access

194

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Next-generation of the cellular network will attempt to overcome the limitations of the current Fifth Generation (5G) networks and equip itself to address the challenges which become obvious in the future. Currently, academia and industry have focused their attention on the Sixth Generation (6G) network, which is anticipated to be the next big game-changer in the telecom industry. The outbreak of COVID'19 has made the whole world to opt for virtual meetings, live video interactions ranging from healthcare, business to education. However, we miss an immersive experience due to the lack of supporting technology. Experts have anticipated that starting from the post-pandemic age, the performance requirements of technology for virtual and real-time communication, the rise of several verticals such as industrial automation, robotics, and autonomous driving will increase tremendously, and will skyrocket during the next decade. In this manuscript, we study the latest perspectives and future megatrends that are most likely to drive 6G. Initially, we describe the instances that lead us to the vision of 6G. Later, we narrate some of the use cases and the KPIs essential to meet their performance requirement. Further, we highlight the key requirements of 6G based on contemporary research such as UN sustainability goals, business model, edge intelligence, digital divide, and the trends in machine learning for 6G.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Explorationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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6G Ecosystem: Current Status and Future Perspective

Bhat¹,

AlQahtani

2021

IEEE Access

194

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“…In addition, since it is expected that RF frequency resources with a frequency band of up to 300 GHz will be gradually depleted in the future, it is expected that auxiliary services through other transmission media will be needed in order to fully support these IoT services. Among these auxiliary technologies, a light fidelity (Li-Fi) transmission technology, which transmits data wirelessly using light emitted from a white light-emitting diode (LED), is capable of operating IoT services within a special environment such as a hospital and national security facilities [ 10 , 11 ]. In the past 20 years, Li-Fi related research has shown great growth and potential [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient LED Light Noise Reduction Using Adaptive Differential Equalization in Li-Fi Wireless Link

Won

Yoon

Seo

2021

Sensors

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For Li-Fi wireless links based on a white light emitting diode, an adaptive differential equalization (ADE) technique that reduces various noises such as interference noise and shot one generated from ambient light sources is pro-posed. The ADE technique reduces noise by taking advantage of the fact that the derivative between adjacent sampling points of signal with digital waveform is very different from that of noise with the random analog waveform. Furthermore, a weighting function that reflects the Poisson characteristics of shot noise is applied to the ADE technique in order to maximize the reduction efficiency of ambient noise. The signal-to-noise ratio of input non-return-to-zero-on–off keying (NRZ-OOK) signal is improved by 7.5 dB at the first-generation forward error correction (FEC) threshold (the bit error rate (BER) of 8 × 10−5) using the optical wireless experimental link. In addition, it is confirmed that it is possible to maintain the transmission performance corresponding to the BER of 1 × 10−5 by using the proposed ADE technique, even when the intensity of the ambient light source increases by 6 dB.

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“…The visible and infrared spectrum have been widely considered in wireless communications, either as stand-alone wireless communications technologies or as complementing radio communications. Broadband visible light communication (VLC) has become a highly discussed topic in the fifth generation (5G) as well as in the development of the sixth generation (6G) communication [10]. Wireless infrared communications have been used to transmit data to devices in close vicinity, first standardized by Infrared Data Association (IrDA) [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Body Communications Exploiting Light: A Proof-of-Concept Study Using Ex Vivo Tissue Samples

et al. 2020

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This article presents a feasibility study on the transmission of information through the biological tissues exploiting light. The experimental results demonstrating the potentials of optical wireless communications through biological tissues (OCBT) are presented. The main application of the proposed technology is in-body communications, where wireless connectivity needs to be provided to implanted electronic devices, such as pacemakers, cardiac defibrillators, and smart pills, for instance. Traditionally, in-body communications are performed using radio and acoustic waves. However, light has several fundamental advantages making the proposed technology highly attractive for this purpose. In particular, optical communications are highly secure, private, safe, and in many cases, extremely simple with the potential of low-power implementation. In the experiments, near-infrared light was used, as the light propagation in biotissues is more favorable in this part of the spectrum. The amount of light exposure given to biotissues was controlled to keep it within the safety limits. Information transmission experiments were carried out with the temperature-controlled ex vivo samples of porcine tissue. The tissue temperature was found to be significantly affecting the light propagation process. Communication performance with respect to the biotissue thickness and light direction was assessed. The results showed that optical channels to and from the possible implant are nearly reciprocal. Communication links were established to the deepness of more than four centimeters, and the data rates of up to 100 Kbps were obtained. The encouraging results of this study allow us to anticipate the potential applications of the proposed light-based technology to communicate with the various electronic devices implanted at different depths in the human body. INDEX TERMS Biological tissues, ex vivo, In-body communications, Implanted electronic devices Medical implants, Optical wireless communications, OCBT, Pacemaker.

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Opportunities and Challenges for Visible Light Communications in 6G

Cited by 74 publications

References 20 publications

6G Ecosystem: Current Status and Future Perspective

6G Ecosystem: Current Status and Future Perspective

Ambient LED Light Noise Reduction Using Adaptive Differential Equalization in Li-Fi Wireless Link

In-Body Communications Exploiting Light: A Proof-of-Concept Study Using Ex Vivo Tissue Samples

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