Opportunities and challenges of low-carbon hydrogen via metallic membranes

Liguori, Simona; Kian, Kourosh; Buggy, Nora Catherine; Anzelmo, Bryce; Wilcox, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2020.100851

Cited by 79 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 237 publications

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“…Kong The permeation ability of Pd H 2 is not the strongest among metals. It has been recently indicated that vanadium group metals, V, Nb, and Ta, have different bcc lattice structures, higher H 2 permeability and mechanical strength, and weaker H 2 dissociation and adsorption ability than Pd [63]. However, a compact oxide layer forms on the surface, preventing H 2 permeation.…”

Section: Metal Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Hydrogen Purification Technologies for Fuel Cell Vehicles

et al. 2021

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Nowadays, we face a series of global challenges, including the growing depletion of fossil energy, environmental pollution, and global warming. The replacement of coal, petroleum, and natural gas by secondary energy resources is vital for sustainable development. Hydrogen (H2) energy is considered the ultimate energy in the 21st century because of its diverse sources, cleanliness, low carbon emission, flexibility, and high efficiency. H2 fuel cell vehicles are commonly the end-point application of H2 energy. Owing to their zero carbon emission, they are gradually replacing traditional vehicles powered by fossil fuel. As the H2 fuel cell vehicle industry rapidly develops, H2 fuel supply, especially H2 quality, attracts increasing attention. Compared with H2 for industrial use, the H2 purity requirements for fuel cells are not high. Still, the impurity content is strictly controlled since even a low amount of some impurities may irreversibly damage fuel cells’ performance and running life. This paper reviews different versions of current standards concerning H2 for fuel cell vehicles in China and abroad. Furthermore, we analyze the causes and developing trends for the changes in these standards in detail. On the other hand, according to characteristics of H2 for fuel cell vehicles, standard H2 purification technologies, such as pressure swing adsorption (PSA), membrane separation and metal hydride separation, were analyzed, and the latest research progress was reviewed.

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Section: Metal Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Hydrogen Purification Technologies for Fuel Cell Vehicles

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, the recent developments in producing green hydrogen, through RES-powered electrolyser [181], or blue hydrogen, through adopting CCS technologies [182,183], can maximise the environmental gains of the PEMFC-PGSs. Similarly, the other low-carbon techniques for hydrogen production from hydrocarbon sources or biodiesel by-product glycerol using MR have advanced significantly over the past few years [184,185].…”

Section: Merits and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEMFC Poly-Generation Systems: Developments, Merits, and Challenges

et al. 2021

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Significant research efforts are directed towards finding new ways to reduce the cost, increase efficiency, and decrease the environmental impact of power-generation systems. The poly-generation concept is a promising strategy that enables the development of a sustainable power system. Over the past few years, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell-based Poly-Generation Systems (PEMFC-PGSs) have received accelerated developments due to the low-temperature operation, high efficiency, and low environmental impact. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the main PEMFC-PGSs, including Combined Heat and Power (CHP) co-generation systems, Combined Cooling and Power (CCP) co-generation systems, Combined Cooling, Heat, and Power (CCHP) tri-generation systems, and Combined Water and Power (CWP) co-generation systems. First, the main technologies used in PEMFC-PGSs, such as those related to hydrogen production, energy storage, and Waste Heat Recovery (WHR), etc., are detailed. Then, the research progresses on the economic, energy, and environmental performance of the different PEMFC-PGSs are presented. Also, the recent commercialization activities on these systems are highlighted focusing on the leading countries in this field. Furthermore, the remaining economic and technical obstacles of these systems along with the future research directions to mitigate them are discussed. The review reveals the potential of the PEMFC-PGS in securing a sustainable future of the power systems. However, many economic and technical issues, particularly those related to high cost and degradation rate, still need to be addressed before unlocking the full benefits of such systems.

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“…As a result of the low breakdown ratio, the quantity of recycled materials (HI and I 2 ) increases, lowering the cycle's thermal performance. A fruitful approach to favor the HI decomposition reaction could be represented by the utilization of hydrogen perm-selective membrane reactors (MRs), where H 2 is removed from the reaction side through an inorganic membrane [7][8][9][10]. The MRs technology allows that the hydrogen generation and separation may take place simultaneously under an intensified process, reducing the need for extra equipment and lowering the hydrogen separation/purification expenses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Development of a Silica Membrane Reactor during HI Decomposition Reaction Coupling with CO2 Methanation at Sulfur–Iodine Cycle

et al. 2022

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In this work, a novel structure of a hydrogen-membrane reactor coupling HI decomposition and CO2 methanation was proposed, and it was based on the adoption of silica membranes instead of metallic, according to their ever more consistent utilization as nanomaterial for hydrogen separation/purification. A 2D model was built up and the effects of feed flow rate, sweep gas flow rate and reaction pressure were examined by CFD simulation. This work well proves the feasibility and advantage of the membrane reactor that integrates HI decomposition and CO2 methanation reactions. Indeed, two membrane reactor systems were compared: on one hand, a simple membrane reactor without proceeding towards any CO2 methanation reaction; on the other hand, a membrane reactor coupling the HI decomposition with the CO2 methanation reaction. The simulations demonstrated that the hydrogen recovery in the first membrane reactor was higher than the methanation membrane reactor. This was due to the consumption of hydrogen during the CO2 methanation reaction, occurring in the permeate side of the second membrane reactor system, which lowered the amount of hydrogen recovered in the outlet streams. After model validation, this theoretical study allows one to evaluate the effect of different operating parameters on the performance of both the membrane reactors, such as the pressure variation between 1 and 5 bar, the feed flow rate between 10 and 50 mm3/s and the sweep gas flow rate between 166.6 and 833.3 mm3/s. The theoretical predictions demonstrated that the best results in terms of HI conversion were 74.5% for the methanation membrane reactor and 67% for the simple membrane reactor.

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Opportunities and challenges of low-carbon hydrogen via metallic membranes

Cited by 79 publications

References 237 publications

A Review of Hydrogen Purification Technologies for Fuel Cell Vehicles

A Review of Hydrogen Purification Technologies for Fuel Cell Vehicles

PEMFC Poly-Generation Systems: Developments, Merits, and Challenges

CFD Development of a Silica Membrane Reactor during HI Decomposition Reaction Coupling with CO2 Methanation at Sulfur–Iodine Cycle

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