Opportunities Lost? Race, Industrial Restructuring, and Employment among Young Women Heading Households

Browne, Irene

doi:10.2307/3005935

Cited by 32 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…As employers re-conceptualize white women as strongly attached to the labor force and as work becomes increasingly "professionalized," white women move up in the labor queue, displacing black women who, in moving further down the queue, have greater difficulty finding work and restricted access to desirable jobs (Browne 2000;McBrier and Wilson 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Accumulating Disadvantage: The Growth in the Black–White Wage Gap Among Women

Dozier

2010

J Afr Am St

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Between 1980 and 2002, the black-white wage gap among women tripled, climbing steadily despite improving economic conditions in the 1990s. Relative distribution analysis shows an increasingly dense accumulation of black women's wages in the lowest deciles of white women's wage distribution over time. Although the transition to an "office economy" rewarded both black and white women with wage gains, white women reaped greater benefits. During the 1990s, black managers and professionals lost ground relative to white women, but also relative to other black women workers. Regardless of the economic climate, then, black women accumulated disadvantage, suffering most in the chilly economic climate of the 1980s, and benefiting least during the economic expansion of the 1990s.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Accumulating Disadvantage: The Growth in the Black–White Wage Gap Among Women

Dozier

2010

J Afr Am St

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“…Women's household responsibilities often reduce their ability to commute and restrict their job-search areas (Hanson & Pratt, 1995;MacDonald, 1999;Villeneuve & Rose, 1988;Wyly, 1998). As a result, women are more likely to suffer negative consequences from spatial mismatch (Blumenberg, 2004;Browne, 2000;Gilbert, 1998;Parks, 2004;Thompson, 1997). While several researchers have highlighted to role of social networks in promoting greater access to employment opportunities (Coulton, 2003;Gilbert, 1998;Henly, 1999), few have focused on the role of employment service providers in bridging the gap between places of residence and work.…”

Section: Geographical Access To Employment Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Does local access to employment services reduce unemployment? A GIS analysis of One-Stop Career Centers

Joassart‐Marcelli

Giordano²

2006

Policy Sci

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The paper uses Geographic Information System to investigate (1) the location of One-Stop Career Centers in Southern California, (2) their level of accessibility to unemployed workers of various demographic groups, (3) their proximity to employment opportunities, and (4) the effect of these spatial relations on Census tract unemployment. We build on the non-profit literature on accessibility to social service providers and on spatial mismatch research that emphasizes the gap between places of work and residence. We argue that One-Stops can play an important role in bridging this gap. We find that One-Stops are well positioned to serve the unemployed, although accessibility varies by race/ethnicity, age, and location. Access to One-Stops reduces local unemployment, particularly in neighborhoods with limited employment opportunities. This effect is larger for groups who experience limited mobility due to gender or race, such as black and female job seekers. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, LLP 2006Unemployment, One-Stop, Service provider, Accessibility, Mobility, Spatial mismatch, GIS,

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“…When low-skilled black workers are stranded in central-city locations while more and more low-skilled jobs move to the suburbs, the over-supply of low-skill workers leads to high unemployment rates and low wage levels (Browne, 2000;Ihlanfeldt, 2006;Martin, 2004;Weinberg, 2000). Another consequence of spatial mismatch is increased costs of commuting, including both financial costs and time spent on traveling.…”

Section: Spatial Mismatch Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 97%