Opportunity costs of conserving a dry tropical forest under REDD+: The case of the spiny dry forest in southwestern Madagascar

Neudert, Regina; Olschofsky, Konstantin; Kübler, Daniel; Prill, Laura; Köhl, Michael; Wätzold, Frank

doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2018.07.013

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Mixed effectiveness of REDD+ has been described in other evaluations, also showing reduced forest loss in communities with forestry and subsistence livelihoods and increased deforestation with cattle and commercial agriculture land uses [6,7,12,18,41,84]. Our study suggests that additional factors, such as land tenure, local governance and organization, and financial credit and subsidies may also be driving heterogeneity among ejidos and suggest that future analysis include more details that can allow for a more nuanced and situated interpretation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Mixed Effectiveness of REDD+ Subnational Initiatives after 10 Years of Interventions on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Ellis

Sierra-Huelsz²,

Ceballos

et al. 2020

Forests

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Since 2010, the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) mechanism has been implemented in Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula, a biodiversity hotspot with persistent deforestation problems. We apply the before-after-control-intervention approach and quasi-experimental methods to evaluate the effectiveness of REDD+ interventions in reducing deforestation at municipal (meso) and community (micro) scales. Difference-in-differences regression and propensity score matching did not show an overall reduction in forest cover loss from REDD+ projects at both scales. However, Synthetic Control Method (SCM) analyses demonstrated mixed REDD+ effectiveness among intervened municipalities and communities. Funding agencies and number of REDD+ projects intervening in a municipality or community did not appear to affect REDD+ outcomes. However, cattle production and commercial agriculture land uses tended to impede REDD+ effectiveness. Cases of communities with important forestry enterprises exemplified reduced forest cover loss but not when cattle production was present. Communities and municipalities with negative REDD+ outcomes were notable along the southern region bordering Guatemala and Belize, a remote forest frontier fraught with illegal activities and socio-environmental conflicts. We hypothesize that strengthening community governance and organizational capacity results in REDD+ effectiveness. The observed successes and problems in intervened communities deserve closer examination for REDD+ future planning and development of strategies on the Yucatan Peninsula.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Mixed Effectiveness of REDD+ Subnational Initiatives after 10 Years of Interventions on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Ellis

Sierra-Huelsz²,

Ceballos

et al. 2020

Forests

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“…In the dry west, charcoal production does not rely on plantations as is common elsewhere in more humid areas of the country [52]. Forest regeneration is extremely slow due to harsh environmental and climatic conditions [49,53,54]. Thus, more charcoal production requires new forests to be opened.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exemplifying Stratified Deforestation in Four Protected Areas in Madagascar

Rafanoharana

Andrianambinina²,

Rasamuel

et al. 2021

Forests

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Protected areas (PAs) are a cornerstone for conservation biodiversity. Madagascar, as a hotspot for biodiversity, has a network of 114 terrestrial protected areas covering the main forest types occurring on the island. Deforestation continues unabated despite the network covering 11% of the island. Here we present a case study approach reporting on four PAs from the humid forests, dry western forests, and southwestern dry and spiny forests and thickets. To describe deforestation in and around the case sites, we have considered a time window of 30 years for analysis, focusing on six years with reliable data: 1990, 2000, 2010, 2015 (the year of latest PA network update), and 2017. We have considered forest versus other land covers within the PAs in “buffers” at a distance of 500 m, 2.5 km, 5 km, and 10 km from the border of the PA. These buffers were set from the border towards the center of the PA (inside the PAs) and from the border outside the PAs. The smallest PAs, Kasijy (IUCN IV), and Behara Tranomaro (no IUCN category), showed the least forest loss. Tsaratanana (IUCN I) had the highest deforestation rates within the last two years of analysis, with deforestation concentrated in the core area. Ranobe PK-32 (no IUCN category), originally with the largest forest extent, has lost most of its forest cover and showed the highest annual deforestation rate (3.5%) between 2015 and 2017. All four cases prove to be very challenging to manage. Future conservation activities require tailored interventions to account for site-specific current and potential future threats, as detailed in this contribution.

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“…Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) initiatives in the 2000s (Bertrand, Rabesahala-Horning, & Montagne, 2009;Pollini, Hockley, Muttenzer, & Ramamonjisoa, 2014) to REDD+ projects currently being tested in several of the country's PAs (Brimont, Ezzine-de-Blas, & Karsenty, 2017;Neudert et al, 2018;Poudyal et al, 2016).…”

Section: Sustainable Agricultural Intensification In Madagascar Amid mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of protected area establishment and cash crop price dynamics on land use transitions 1990–2017 in north-eastern Madagascar

Llopis

Harimalala

Bär

et al. 2019

Journal of Land Use Science

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We applied a participatory mapping approach supported by very high-resolution satellite imagery to reconstruct spatially explicit, year-to-year land use transitions in two highly biodiverse, data-scarce forest frontier landscapes in northeastern Madagascar. We explored these transitions in the light of major continuous trends and discrete events highlighted by local farmers as influencing their land use decisions. Our results suggest that the process of establishing protected areas first reinforced ongoing deforestation, but later led to a significant reduction of forest loss rates. Recent cash crop booms appear to have induced agricultural intensification processes in our study landscapes, while also putting additional pressure on forests, as people may be encouraged to clear forest for cash crop cultivation. These findings are crucial to understanding rapid land use change processes in forest frontier contexts in the humid tropics, and especially to informing natural resource governance and development initiatives in complex mosaic landscapes.

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Opportunity costs of conserving a dry tropical forest under REDD+: The case of the spiny dry forest in southwestern Madagascar

Cited by 21 publications

References 48 publications

Mixed Effectiveness of REDD+ Subnational Initiatives after 10 Years of Interventions on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Mixed Effectiveness of REDD+ Subnational Initiatives after 10 Years of Interventions on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Exemplifying Stratified Deforestation in Four Protected Areas in Madagascar

Effects of protected area establishment and cash crop price dynamics on land use transitions 1990–2017 in north-eastern Madagascar

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