Optical and evaporative cooling of caesium atoms in the gravito-optical surface trap

Hammes, M.; Rychtarik, D.; Druzhinina, V.; Moslener, U.; Manek-Hönninger, Inka; Grimm, Rudolf

doi:10.1080/09500340008232195

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The evanescent wave atom mirror (EWAM) has been used in both the technological and fundamental research of atomic physics for many years [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The employment of EWAM allows one to reflect ultra-cold atoms [7] in order to probe quantum electrodynamic retardation effects [8] and even to create gravito-optical traps [9]. The EWAM was first demonstrated in 1987 to reflect thermal atoms at grazing angles [10] and then in 1990 with cold atoms for normal incidence [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic mirrors for aΛ-type three-level atom

Felemban¹,

Aldossary²,

Lembessis³

2014

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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We propose atom mirror schemes for a three-level atom of Λ-type interacting with two evanescent fields, which are generated as a result of the total internal reflection of two coherent Gaussian laser beams at the interface of a dielectric prism with vacuum. The forces acting on the atom are derived by means of optical Bloch equations, based on the atomic density matrix elements. The theory is illustrated by setting up the equations of motion for 23 Na atom. Two types of excited schemes are examined, namely the cases in which the evanescent fields have polarization types of σ σ − + − and σ π − + . The equations are solved numerically and we get results for atomic trajectories for different parameters. The performance of the mirror for the two types of polarization schemes is quantified and discussed. The possibility of reflecting atoms at pre-determined directions is also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic mirrors for aΛ-type three-level atom

Felemban¹,

Aldossary²,

Lembessis³

2014

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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“…Here, g is the gravitational acceleration and the constant V 0 = Γλ is the wavelength of the optical transition, I 0 stands for the peak intensity of the EW, and δ 3 corresponds to the detuning frequency of the hyperfine sub-level F = 3 of the 133 Cs atom [34,35,37]. Furthermore, 1/κ = Λ/2 = λ/4π n 2 sin 2 θ − 1 represents the decay length, where λ is the wavelength of the EW, n stands for the refractive index of the medium and θ is the angle of incidence.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not only is a good confinement geometry necessary for trapping and observing the dynamics of atoms, but an experiment also needs an efficient loading scheme loading scheme. The experimental group of Rudi Grimm from Innsbruck demonstrated both the loading of 133 Cs atoms [34,35] and the subsequent creation of a BEC in a quasi-2D gravitooptical surface trap (GOST) [36,37]. More recently, Colombe et al studied the scheme for loading a 87 Rb BEC into a quasi-2D evanescent light trap and observed the diffraction of a BEC in the time domain [38,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi one-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate in a gravito-optical surface trap

Akram¹,

Girodias²,

Pelster³

2016

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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Abstract. We study both static and dynamic properties of a weakly interacting BoseEinstein condensate (BEC) in a quasi one-dimensional gravito-optical surface trap, where the downward pull of gravity is compensated by the exponentially decaying potential of an evanescent wave. First, we work out approximate solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation for both a small number of atoms using a Gaussian ansatz and a larger number of atoms using the Thomas-Fermi limit. Then we confirm the accuracy of these analytical solutions by comparing them to numerical results. From there, we numerically analyze how the BEC cloud expands non-ballistically, when the confining evanescent laser beam is shut off, showing agreement between our theoretical and previous experimental results. Furthermore, we analyze how the BEC cloud expands non-ballistically due to gravity after switching off the evanescent laser field in the presence of a hard-wall mirror which we model by using a blue-detuned far-off-resonant sheet of light. There we find that the BEC shows significant self-interference patterns for a large number of atoms, whereas for a small number of atoms, a revival of the BEC wave packet with few matter-wave interference patterns is observed.

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“…This method can be applied if the cooling efficiency does not change in the presence of the subtrap and if the cooled sample can reach thermal equilibrium before the cooling mechanisms are switched off. These conditions can be satisfied, e.g., in evanescent-wave cooling of atoms in a GOST [12,[15][16][17][18]. In fact, a "dimple" subtrap created in a GOST with an infrared focused laser beam is frequently employed [12,15].…”

Section: ͑18͒mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a chip could contain not only magnetic microtraps, but also static electric or all-optical traps. If, for instance, the chip substrate is made of material which is transparent to light, a gravito-optical surface trap [16][17][18] could serve as a container of cold atoms and as a trap to be modified locally.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%