Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Gao, Simon S.; Jia, Yali; Zhang, Miao; Su, Johnny P.; Liu, Gangjun; Hwang, Thomas S.; Bailey, Steven T.; Huang, David

doi:10.1167/iovs.15-19043

Cited by 319 publications

(250 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…AOR is the layer between the outer plexiform layer (OPL) in the inner border and ellipsoid zone in the outer border. The outer retina segmentation between the OPL and Bruch membrane by OCTA show no vascular blood flow in a normal eye (Figure 1, Avascular) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) defines the development of the new blood vessels derived the choroid and the invasion into sub-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) or subretinal space via a break in Bruch membrane.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a healthy eye, the VRI has no vascular structure though the ganglion cell layer of the retina has the superficial retinal capillary plexus based on vitreo-retinal histology and VRI segmentation of OCTA ( Figure 1, VRI) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Preretinal neovascularization (PNV) is characterized by networks of vessels lying on the surface of the retina and invading the cortical vitreous gel and extending into the vitreous cavity.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using by OCTA, the vasculature and blood flow of retina and choroid can be visualized in detail through detecting motion contrast of erythrocytes in the vessel, using serial optical coherence tomography B-scans. OCTA has an ability to perform the separate segmentations including the vitreoretinal interface (VRI), the superficial retinal layer, the deep retinal layer, avascular outer retina (AOR), the choriocapillaris and the choroid (Figure 1) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].In a healthy eye, the VRI has no vascular structure though the ganglion cell layer of the retina has the superficial retinal capillary plexus based on vitreo-retinal histology and VRI segmentation of OCTA (Figure 1, VRI) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Preretinal neovascularization (PNV) is characterized by networks of vessels lying on the surface of the retina and invading the cortical vitreous gel and extending into the vitreous cavity.…”

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The Importance of VRI and AOR Segmentations in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Turgut

2017

AOVS

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In this editorial, it was aimed to call attention to the importance of the screening and the evaluation of the segmentations of vitreoretinal interface and avascular outer retina in optical coherence tomography angiography for subclinical or early pre-retinal and choroidal neovascularization. In optical coherence tomography angiography of a healthy subject, both segmentations of vitreoretinal interface and avascular outer retina do not show obvious vascular structure. Thus, these two segmentations can be used for the screening of preretinal and choroidal neovascularization in various ischemic vascular diseases. Keywords EditorialOptical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a very useful angiography type for the evaluation of both retinal and choroidal vasculature. OCTA is noninvasive imaging method without adverse effects because the usage of a contrast agent is not needed in this imaging method. Using by OCTA, the vasculature and blood flow of retina and choroid can be visualized in detail through detecting motion contrast of erythrocytes in the vessel, using serial optical coherence tomography B-scans. OCTA has an ability to perform the separate segmentations including the vitreoretinal interface (VRI), the superficial retinal layer, the deep retinal layer, avascular outer retina (AOR), the choriocapillaris and the choroid (Figure 1) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].In a healthy eye, the VRI has no vascular structure though the ganglion cell layer of the retina has the superficial retinal capillary plexus based on vitreo-retinal histology and VRI segmentation of OCTA (Figure 1, VRI) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Preretinal neovascularization (PNV) is characterized by networks of vessels lying on the surface of the retina and invading the cortical vitreous gel and extending into the vitreous cavity. PNV usually occurs in the ischemic retinal vascular diseases such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, retinopathy of prematurity and sickle-cell disease retinopathy [9][10][11][12][13]. PNV in earlier stages of the pathogenesis of abnormal neovascularization event may be overlooked. VRI segmentation of OCTA can be used to screen and detect the early or subclinical PNV in these diseases [9][10][11][12].In the other hand, both the histological examinations and OCTA reports of retina in healthy subjects demonstrated that there is an avascular retinal region (avascular outer retina, AOR) in the deep or outer layer of the retina. AOR is the layer between the outer plexiform layer (OPL) in the inner border and ellipsoid zone in the outer border. The outer retina segmentation between the OPL and Bruch membrane by OCTA show no vascular blood flow in a normal eye (Figure 1, Avascular) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) defines the development of the new blood vessels derived the choroid and the invasion into sub-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) or subretinal space via a break in Bruch membrane. Type 1 choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is characterized by vessels prolif...

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Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Importance of VRI and AOR Segmentations in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Turgut

2017

AOVS

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“…By comparing the difference (intensity, phase or both) between two successive OCT B-scans (with a time interval of several milliseconds) at the same location, an OCT technique known as OCT Angiography (OCTA) can further characterize the vasculature and blood flow in the human retina [4][5][6]. Compared with traditional fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), OCTA diminishes the risk of the side effects of dye injection and minimizes the time consumption [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handheld optical coherence tomography angiography

Yang

Liu

Campbell

et al. 2017

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Abstract:We developed a handheld optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) system using a 100-kHz swept-source laser. The handheld probe weighs 0.4 kg and measures 20.6 × 12.8 × 4.6 cm 3 . The system has dedicated features for handheld operation. The probe is equipped with a mini iris camera for easy alignment. Real-time display of the en face OCT and cross-sectional OCT images in the system allows accurately locating the imaging target. Fast automatic focusing was achieved by an electrically tunable lens controlled by a goldensection search algorithm. An extended axial imaging range of 6 mm allows easy alignment. A registration algorithm using cross-correlation to register adjacent OCT B-frames with propagation from the central frame was used to effectively minimize motion artifacts in volumetric OCTA images captured in relatively short durations of 1 and 2.1 seconds. 2.5 × 2.5 mm (200 × 200 pixels) and 3.5 × 3.5 mm (300 × 300 pixels) retinal angiograms were demonstrated on two awake adult human subjects without the use of any mydriatic eye drops. Opt. Express 4(10), 1890-1908 (2013). 40. I. Grulkowski, J. J. Liu, B. Potsaid, V. Jayaraman, C. D. Lu, J. Jiang, A. E. Cable, J. S. Duker, and J. G.Fujimoto, "Retinal, anterior segment and full eye imaging using ultrahigh speed swept source OCT with verticalcavity surface emitting lasers," Biomed.

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Microscope-Integrated Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in the Operating Room in Young Children With Retinal Vascular Disease

et al. 2017

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ntraoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology has markedly advanced in the past few years. Intraoperative imaging was first performed with handheld and microscope-mounted spectral domain OCT systems during surgical pauses. 1,2 More recently, both commercial and research spectral-domain, microscope-integrated OCT (MIOCT) systems have been reported. [2][3][4][5] One group showed a custom swept-source, microscope-integrated OCT (SS-MIOCT) system based on a faster 100-kHz laser. 6 The faster scan rate of this laser made possible live volumetric intraoperative imaging and, as reported herein, enabled OCT angiography (OCTA). Optical coherence tomography angiography uses changes in complex OCT signals induced by vascular flow for contrast instead of exogenous fluorescent tracers and has pro-vided substantial insight into retinal vascular abnormalities. [7][8][9] Previous OCTA implementations were limited to tabletop clinical OCT systems, which require cooperative and upright patients for imaging. Here, we report on OCTA integrated into our SS-MIOCT system and describe, to our knowledge, its first use in the operating room during examination under anesthesia (EUA) of 2 young children with retinal vascular disease. MethodsThe research system used a 100-kHz swept-source laser (Axsun Technologies) with a center wavelength of 1050 nm. Intraoperative MIOCT angiography (MIOCTA) was performed IMPORTANCE Intraoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) has gained traction as an important adjunct for clinical decision making during vitreoretinal surgery, and OCT angiography (OCTA) has provided novel insights in clinical evaluation of retinal diseases. To date, these two technologies have not been applied in combination to evaluate retinal vascular disease in the operating suite.OBJECTIVE To conduct microscope-integrated, swept-source OCTA (MIOCTA) in children with retinal vascular disease. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSIn this case report analysis, OCT imaging in pediatric patients, MIOCTA images were obtained during examination under anesthesia from a young boy with a history of idiopathic vitreous hemorrhage and a female infant with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Side-by-side comparison of research MIOCT angiograms and clinically indicated fluorescein angiograms. RESULTSIn 2 young children with retinal vascular disease, the MIOCTA images showed more detailed vascular patterns than were visible on the fluorescein angiograms although within a more posterior field of view. The MIOCTA system allowed visualization of small pathological retinal vessels in the retinal periphery that were obscured in the fluorescein angiograms by fluorescein staining from underlying, preexisting laser scars.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This is the first report to date of the use of MIOCTA in the operating room for young children with retinal vascular disease. Further optimization of this system may allow noninvasive detailed evaluation of retinal vasculature during surgical procedures and in patients who ...

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Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Cited by 319 publications

References 115 publications

The Importance of VRI and AOR Segmentations in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

The Importance of VRI and AOR Segmentations in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Handheld optical coherence tomography angiography

Microscope-Integrated Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in the Operating Room in Young Children With Retinal Vascular Disease

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