Optical diagnostics of laser-produced plasmas

Gas-phase oxidation and nanoparticle formation in multi-element laser ablation plumes

“…The early time physical conditions for a pure Al target were determined via time-resolved emission spectra. 20,21 The Al target was selected for these measurements given ionic and molecular lines are well characterized in literature, and Al is present in the alloy. Temperatures were estimated using the ratio of Al II transitions at 281.62 and 263.15 nm, and temperatures at later times (Z5 ms) were measured using the PGOPHER simulation tool for the (0,1) AlO band, with the strongest band head at E508 nm.…”

“…10,25 OES is a useful tool for tracking the evolution of plasma species from ions and atoms to diatoms and higher oxides. 1,21 Time-resolved emission spectral features for a broad wavelength range (400-730 nm) are reported in Fig. 2.…”

Structuring of thin films by ultrashort laser pulses

“…The idea to characterize materials by removing and analyzing a microscopic part of a sample through focused laser radiation is almost as old as the laser itself [184]. Since that time several concepts and variants of laser ablation based chemical analysis methods, such as laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) or laser ablation mass spectrometry (LA-MS), have been developed for solids and liquids were steadily improved during the last decades [185][186][187][188][189]. These approaches are based on the examination of material removed by the laser beam (usually the ablation plasma containing electrons, atoms, ions, clusters, or nano-and microparticles), which is subsequently analyzed in detail either by optical or by mass spectrometric techniques.…”

Doppler-free ablation fluorescence spectroscopy of Ca for high-resolution remote isotopic analysis

“…1,2 However, the transient and spatially inhomogeneous nature of laser plasmas requires a comprehensive understanding of plasma mechanisms, such as plume expansion dynamics and gas-phase chemistry, all of which still require numerous fundamental studies. 3–11…”

“…1,2 However, the transient and spatially inhomogeneous nature of laser plasmas requires a comprehensive understanding of plasma mechanisms, such as plume expansion dynamics and gas-phase chemistry, all of which still require numerous fundamental studies. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] High spectral resolution and sensitivity are crucial for using the ablation process in spectroscopic analysis, particularly isotopic analysis. There are two types of spectroscopic analyses that use laser ablation: one is emission spectroscopy from a hot laser plasma (laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; LIBS), and the other is resonance absorption and uorescence spectroscopy for light transmitted through a cooled laser plasma.…”